The topic of sustainable investing and long-term economic growth has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. Based on analysis of past exam questions from 2018-2023, questions related to sustainable economic development appear in approximately 15% of tests, particularly in countries with emerging economies like India, China, and Vietnam.
As importance of ethical funds for conscious investors becomes a growing concern globally, this theme is likely to appear more frequently in future IELTS tests.
Question Analysis
Some people believe that economic growth through increased business and trade should be pursued at all costs, while others argue that sustainable development and environmental protection should be prioritized. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Examine two contrasting perspectives on economic development
- Consider the balance between growth and sustainability
- Present and justify their own position
- Provide relevant examples and evidence
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.0)
Similar to how importance of passive income for financial growth shapes individual financial planning, the debate between unfettered economic growth and sustainable development impacts national policy decisions.
While rapid economic expansion has historically been prioritized, I firmly believe that sustainable development offers a more viable long-term approach to economic progress.
Those advocating for unrestricted economic growth argue that maximizing business activities and international trade generates immediate wealth and employment opportunities. They point to examples like China’s remarkable GDP growth over the past decades, which lifted millions out of poverty through aggressive industrial expansion. However, this perspective overlooks the substantial environmental and social costs associated with unchecked development.
Proponents of sustainable development, conversely, emphasize the necessity of balancing economic progress with environmental protection and social welfare. This approach focuses on renewable energy adoption, responsible resource management, and ethical business practices. Countries like Denmark and Norway demonstrate how sustainable policies can foster both economic prosperity and environmental preservation.
Visual representation of sustainable development benefits and outcomes
In my view, pursuing economic growth without considering sustainability is fundamentally short-sighted. The devastating impacts of climate change, resource depletion, and environmental degradation demonstrate that should tech companies invest in local communities must be balanced with ecological responsibility. Moreover, sustainable development creates new economic opportunities through green technology innovation and renewable energy infrastructure.
In conclusion, while rapid economic growth may offer immediate benefits, sustainable development provides a more balanced and viable path forward. Governments and businesses must prioritize environmental protection alongside economic progress to ensure long-term prosperity for future generations.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
The question of economic growth versus environmental protection is important in today’s world. Some people think business growth should be the main goal, but others care more about protecting nature. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
People who support economic growth say it creates jobs and makes countries richer. For example, many factories in developing countries help people earn money and improve their lives. They think environmental rules make business harder and slow down progress.
However, those who support sustainable development believe we must protect nature. They say pollution and climate change are big problems that hurt everyone. Just as importance of investing in education funds ensures future opportunities, protecting the environment safeguards our planet’s future.
I think both economic growth and environmental protection are important, but we should focus more on sustainability. If we destroy nature, it will cause bigger problems in the future. Companies can still make money while being environmentally friendly.
In conclusion, sustainable development is better than just focusing on economic growth. We need to find ways to grow the economy without damaging the environment.
Key Vocabulary
- Sustainable development (n.) /səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈveləpmənt/
- Definition: Economic development that meets present needs without compromising future generations
- Example: “Sustainable development requires careful resource management.”
- Environmental degradation (n.) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/
- Definition: The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources
- Example: “Industrial pollution leads to environmental degradation.”
- Renewable energy (n.) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/
- Definition: Energy from sources that naturally replenish
- Example: “Solar power is a form of renewable energy.”
Consider practicing with this additional topic for self-study:
“To what extent should governments prioritize environmental protection over economic development?”
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion.
