In recent IELTS speaking tests, topics related to decrease, decline, and changes have become increasingly common. This comprehensive guide will help you master these topics across all parts of the IELTS speaking test.
Part 1: Introduction and Interview Questions
Common questions about decrease and changes include:
- How has your neighborhood changed in recent years?
- Do you think there has been a decrease in traditional customs in your country?
- What changes have you noticed in your city’s environment?
Sample Answer (Band 8-9):
“My neighborhood has undergone significant transformation over the past decade. The most notable change has been the substantial decrease in green spaces, as many parks have been converted into residential complexes. This has dramatically altered the local landscape and unfortunately diminished the community’s outdoor recreational areas.”
Part 2: Cue Card
Describe a situation where you noticed a significant decrease in something important.
You should say:
- What decreased
- When you noticed it
- Why it happened
- How you felt about it
describe a local environmental issue you care about
Sample Answer (Band 8-9):
“I’d like to talk about the alarming decline in the bee population in my local area. I first became aware of this issue last summer when I noticed a dramatic reduction in the number of bees visiting my garden. This significant decrease was particularly noticeable because I maintain a small flower garden that usually attracts numerous pollinators.
The primary factors contributing to this decline were the excessive use of pesticides by local farmers and the gradual disappearance of wildflower meadows. This situation deeply concerned me because bees play a vital role in our ecosystem and food production.
This experience prompted me to take action by creating a bee-friendly garden and raising awareness about the importance of protecting these essential insects. The whole situation made me reflect deeply on how human activities can have such profound impacts on nature’s delicate balance.”
Declining Bee Population Impact on Garden Environment
Part 3: Discussion Questions
Q: What are the main causes of environmental degradation in modern cities?
Sample Answer (Band 8-9):
“Environmental degradation in urban areas can be attributed to multiple interconnected factors. The most significant contributor is the exponential growth in industrialization, which has led to a marked decrease in air quality. Additionally, the rapid expansion of cities has resulted in the systematic destruction of natural habitats and green spaces.
describe a difficult task you completed
Furthermore, the inefficient management of waste disposal systems has exacerbated these environmental challenges. Cities are grappling with the need to balance development with environmental preservation, which requires comprehensive policy reforms and innovative solutions.”
Key Vocabulary and Phrases for High Scores
- Verbs for Decrease:
- Decline (v.) – /dɪˈklaɪn/ – to gradually become less or worse
- Diminish (v.) – /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/ – to become gradually less
- Plummet (v.) – /ˈplʌmɪt/ – to fall or drop very quickly and suddenly
- Collocations:
- Sharp decline
- Gradual decrease
- Significant reduction
- Substantial drop
- Dramatic fall
describe a special moment spent with a family member
Examiner’s Tips
- Use a variety of expressions to discuss decrease – avoid repeating the same words
- Support your points with specific examples and personal experiences
- Demonstrate awareness of cause and effect relationships
- Include appropriate statistical references when relevant
- Show balanced analysis of both positive and negative aspects of changes
Remember to practice these patterns regularly and record yourself to improve fluency and confidence in discussing topics related to decrease and change.
