Urban sprawl, the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas, is a phenomenon that has been a subject of debate and study due to its various effects on different sectors, including community health. This topic has appeared numerous times in the IELTS Writing Task 2 exams, reflecting its relevance and importance in today’s rapidly urbanizing world. Based on the analysis of past IELTS exam topics and emerging trends, it is reasonable to anticipate a similar theme in future exams.
Commonly Asked Exam Prompts on the Topic:
- “Some people believe that urban sprawl has had a negative impact on community health. Do you agree or disagree?”
- “Urban sprawl has led to serious consequences for both the environment and human health. Discuss both views and give your opinion.”
- “The expansion of cities has both positive and negative effects on community health. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.”
Selected Exam Prompt for Sample Essay:
“The expansion of cities has both positive and negative effects on community health. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.”
Analysis of the Exam Prompt:
This prompt requires a balanced discussion of the positive and negative impacts of urban sprawl on community health, followed by the writer’s own opinion. Key elements to address include:
- Definitions and basic understanding of urban sprawl and community health.
- Positive effects of urban sprawl, such as economic growth and improved infrastructure.
- Negative effects, including increased pollution and reduced physical activity.
- A well-reasoned personal opinion based on the presented arguments.
Sample Essay:
Urban sprawl, characterized by the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas, has elicited diverse opinions regarding its impact on community health. While some argue that it brings about economic development and improved infrastructure, others point to the detrimental effects, such as pollution and reduced physical activity. In this essay, I will discuss both views and provide my opinion on the matter.
On the one hand, urban sprawl can lead to economic growth and better infrastructure, which indirectly benefit community health. The expansion of cities often results in the construction of hospitals, schools, and recreational facilities, thereby improving access to healthcare and education. For instance, suburban areas that were previously underserved can now enjoy the advantages of modern amenities, enhancing the overall quality of life. Additionally, the economic activities spurred by urban growth can create job opportunities, reducing poverty levels and thereby positively impacting mental and physical health.
Impact of urban sprawl on health
On the other hand, the negative impacts of urban sprawl on community health are significant. One of the primary concerns is the increase in air pollution due to the rise in vehicle usage, which is a common characteristic of sprawling cities. Studies have shown that air pollution is directly linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, posing serious health risks to the population. Moreover, urban sprawl often reduces the availability of green spaces, limiting opportunities for physical activities such as walking, jogging, and cycling. This sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity and other lifestyle-related diseases, adversely affecting community health.
In my opinion, while urban sprawl does bring about certain advantages, the negative consequences on community health are far more pronounced. The rise in pollution and the decline in physical activity levels cannot be overlooked, as these factors contribute to long-term health issues. Therefore, it is crucial for urban planning policies to strike a balance between development and maintaining a healthy living environment.
In conclusion, although urban sprawl has its benefits, such as economic growth and improved infrastructure, its detrimental effects on community health, including increased pollution and reduced physical activity, are significant. A balanced approach towards urban development is essential to mitigate these negative impacts and promote a healthier community. (332 words)
Key Points to Remember When Writing:
- Balanced Structure: Clearly discuss both the positive and negative aspects before presenting your own opinion.
- Relevant Examples: Use specific examples or studies to support your arguments.
- Consistent Tone: Maintain a formal, academic tone throughout the essay.
Advanced Vocabulary:
- Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃər/: The basic physical systems of a city, such as transportation, communications, sewage, water, and electric systems.
- Sedentary (adjective) /ˈsɛd(ə)nˌtɛri/: Involving little physical activity.
- Sprawl (verb) /sprɔːl/: To spread out over a large area in an untidy or irregular way.
- Adverse (adjective) /ˈædˌvɜrs/: Preventing success or development; harmful; unfavorable.
- Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪˌɡeɪt/: To make less severe, serious, or painful.
- Amenity (noun) /əˈmiːnɪti/: A desirable or useful feature or facility of a building or place.
Conclusion:
Urban sprawl is a multifaceted issue with both positive and negative implications for community health. By understanding these effects and using balanced arguments, students can enhance their writing skills in preparation for the IELTS exam. Future exam prompts may continue to explore this topic, making it essential for candidates to be well-prepared. Practicing with similar questions and understanding the complexities of urban development and community health can significantly improve one’s performance in IELTS Writing Task 2.
