As an IELTS instructor with over 20 years of experience, I often encounter students who are unsure about the proper way to write numbers in the IELTS Writing test. It’s a valid concern, as using the correct format demonstrates your command of English grammar and contributes to a higher band score. This article aims to demystify the rules surrounding number representation in IELTS Writing, providing you with the clarity and confidence to excel in your exam.

Understanding the Significance of Correct Number Usage

While it may seem like a trivial detail, how you present numbers in your writing significantly impacts its overall impression. Consistent and accurate use of numbers showcases your attention to detail and your mastery of written English conventions, both highly valued in the IELTS Writing assessment criteria.

Rules for Writing Numbers in IELTS Writing

The key to successfully navigating number representation in IELTS Writing is understanding when to use numerals (1, 2, 3…) and when to spell out the words (one, two, three…). Here’s a comprehensive breakdown:

1. Numbers Beginning a Sentence

Always spell out numbers that start a sentence, regardless of their size.

Example:

• Incorrect: 250 students participated in the survey.
• Correct: Two hundred and fifty students participated in the survey.

Tip: If possible, restructure the sentence to avoid beginning with a large number.

2. Numbers under Ten

Generally, spell out numbers under ten unless they are connected to units of measurement or are part of a larger list containing numbers over ten.

Example:

• Correct: I visited three museums during my trip.
• Correct: The recipe requires 2 cups of flour and 10 eggs.

3. Numbers over Ten

Use numerals for numbers greater than ten, except when starting a sentence.

Example:

• Correct: The population of the city is over 2 million.

4. Dates, Times, and Measurements

Always use numerals for dates, times, percentages, decimals, and units of measurement.

Example:

• Correct: The meeting is scheduled for 2:30 PM on June 15th.
• Correct: The experiment showed a 15% increase in efficiency.
• Correct: The recipe calls for 2.5 cm of ginger.

IELTS Writing Example Incorporating Numbers

Let’s examine how these rules apply in a typical IELTS Writing Task 1 scenario:

Task: The graph below shows the percentage of households with internet access in a certain country between 2000 and 2020.

Internet Access Graph

Sample Answer Excerpt:

In 2000, only 15% of households had access to the internet. However, this figure increased dramatically over the next two decades. By 2020, internet penetration had reached an impressive 85%, demonstrating the rapid adoption of technology during this period.

Analysis:

• Numerals are used for years (2000, 2020) and percentages (15%, 85%).
• The number “two” is spelt out as it is not connected to a unit and helps maintain reading flow.

Tips for Success

• Be Consistent: Choose one style for writing numbers and stick with it throughout your writing.
• Proofread Carefully: Errors in number representation can lower your score. Always double-check your work.
• Practice Makes Perfect: The more you practice writing with numbers, the more confident you will become.

Conclusion

Mastering the rules of writing numbers in IELTS Writing is an achievable step towards achieving your desired band score. By understanding the guidelines and consistently applying them in your writing, you demonstrate your strong command of written English, a key factor in achieving IELTS success. Remember, practice makes perfect, so continue to hone your skills, and you’ll be well on your way to achieving your goals!