Urban living and its effects on health have become increasingly prevalent topics in IELTS Writing Task 2. This theme has appeared in various forms over the past few years, and its relevance is likely to grow as urbanization continues to shape our world. Based on recent trends, we can expect to see questions related to this subject in future IELTS exams. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in past tests:
Some people believe that living in big cities is becoming more difficult. Others believe that it is getting easier. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analysis of the Question
This question requires candidates to explore the pros and cons of urban living, with a specific focus on the ease or difficulty of city life. While not explicitly mentioning health, this topic often leads to discussions about the health impacts of urban environments. Let’s break down the key elements:
- Two contrasting views are presented
- Candidates must discuss both perspectives
- Personal opinion is required
- The scope is broad, allowing for various aspects of city life to be explored
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores, starting with a high-band response.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Urban living has become a contentious issue, with some arguing that life in big cities is increasingly challenging, while others contend that it is becoming more convenient. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own view.
Those who believe city life is getting more difficult often point to the rising cost of living and increased stress levels. Housing prices in metropolitan areas have skyrocketed, making it challenging for many to afford decent accommodation. Moreover, the fast-paced nature of urban environments can lead to heightened anxiety and pressure, potentially impacting mental health. The impact of urban heat islands on public health is another growing concern, as rising temperatures in cities can exacerbate respiratory problems and heat-related illnesses.
On the other hand, proponents of easier city living highlight the improved infrastructure and access to services. Modern cities often boast efficient public transportation systems, reducing commute times and stress associated with traffic. Additionally, the concentration of healthcare facilities, educational institutions, and cultural amenities in urban areas provides residents with unparalleled access to essential services and recreational opportunities. The impact of green spaces on city life has also been recognized, with many cities investing in parks and urban forests to enhance residents’ quality of life.
In my opinion, while urban living presents certain challenges, the overall trend is towards greater ease and convenience. Technological advancements and smart city initiatives are addressing many of the traditional problems associated with urban life. For instance, apps for ride-sharing and food delivery have made daily tasks more manageable, while telehealth services have improved access to healthcare. Furthermore, cities are increasingly focusing on sustainability and livability, implementing policies to reduce pollution and create more people-friendly spaces.
In conclusion, although city life can be demanding, the benefits and ongoing improvements in urban areas suggest that it is becoming easier overall. As cities continue to evolve, it is crucial that they prioritize the well-being of their residents to ensure a high quality of life for all.
Explanation of Band 8-9 Score
This essay demonstrates several key features that contribute to its high band score:
- Coherent structure: The essay follows a clear four-paragraph structure, addressing both views and the writer’s opinion.
- Sophisticated vocabulary: The use of phrases like “contentious issue,” “skyrocketed,” and “unparalleled access” showcases a wide lexical range.
- Complex sentence structures: The essay employs a variety of sentence types, including compound and complex sentences.
- Clear progression of ideas: Each paragraph develops logically from the previous one, with clear topic sentences and supporting points.
- Relevant examples: The essay provides specific examples to illustrate each point, such as housing prices and technological advancements.
- Balanced argument: Both perspectives are given equal consideration before the writer presents their own view.
- Cohesive devices: The essay uses a range of linking words and phrases to connect ideas smoothly.
- Task response: All parts of the question are fully addressed, including the discussion of both views and the writer’s opinion.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
Some people think that living in big cities is getting harder, but others believe it’s becoming easier. This essay will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
On the one hand, city life can be difficult because of high costs and stress. For example, rent and food prices in cities are often very expensive, making it hard for people to save money. Also, cities are usually very busy and noisy, which can cause stress and make people feel tired all the time. The role of parks and recreation in urban areas is important for helping people relax, but not all cities have enough green spaces.
On the other hand, living in cities can be easier because of better services and opportunities. Cities have many hospitals, schools, and shops, so people can easily get what they need. There are also more job opportunities in cities, which can help people earn more money and improve their lives. Public transport in cities is usually better than in rural areas, making it easier for people to move around.
In my opinion, I think living in big cities is becoming easier overall. While there are some challenges like high costs, the benefits of city life are increasing. New technology is making many things more convenient, like ordering food or finding a taxi. Cities are also trying to become cleaner and healthier places to live, which will make life better for residents in the future.
To conclude, although city life has some difficulties, I believe it is generally getting easier due to improvements in services and technology. It’s important for cities to keep working on solving problems to make life better for everyone living there.
Urban health challenges and solutions
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay demonstrates several features that place it in the Band 6-7 range:
- Clear structure: The essay follows a basic four-paragraph structure, addressing both views and the writer’s opinion.
- Adequate vocabulary: The essay uses some topic-specific vocabulary, but the range is more limited compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
- Mix of simple and complex sentences: There is an attempt to use both simple and complex sentence structures, but with less sophistication than the higher band essay.
- Logical organization: The ideas are presented in a logical order, with each paragraph focusing on a specific aspect of the argument.
- Basic examples: The essay provides some examples to support its points, but they are less detailed and varied than in the higher band essay.
- Balanced view: Both perspectives are discussed before the writer presents their own opinion.
- Some cohesive devices: The essay uses basic linking words to connect ideas, but with less variety than the Band 8-9 essay.
- Task response: The essay addresses all parts of the question, but with less depth and nuance than the higher band response.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Urbanization (noun) – /ˌɜːrbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – the process of more people living in cities
- Infrastructure (noun) – /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃər/ – basic physical structures needed for society to operate
- Sustainability (noun) – /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – the ability to maintain at a certain level without depleting resources
- Livability (noun) – /ˌlɪvəˈbɪləti/ – the quality of being suitable for living in
- Congestion (noun) – /kənˈdʒestʃən/ – overcrowding, especially of traffic
- Amenities (noun) – /əˈmenətiz/ – useful or pleasant facilities
- Gentrification (noun) – /ˌdʒentrɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ – the process of changing the character of a poor urban area
- Pollution (noun) – /pəˈluːʃn/ – the presence of harmful substances in the environment
- Commute (verb/noun) – /kəˈmjuːt/ – to travel regularly between work and home
- Urban sprawl (noun) – /ˈɜːrbən sprɔːl/ – the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas
In conclusion, the impact of urban living on health remains a relevant and complex topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. Candidates should be prepared to discuss various aspects of city life, including both challenges and benefits. To practice, try writing your own essay on this topic or related themes such as:
- The effects of urban pollution on public health
- The role of city planning in promoting healthier lifestyles
- The impact of technology on urban living and well-being
Remember to structure your essay clearly, use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures, and provide specific examples to support your arguments. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion.