Passage 1: Understanding Human Cloning Basics
The concept of human cloning has fascinated scientists and ethicists alike since the successful cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1996. What are the ethical implications of cloning technologies? This breakthrough opened new possibilities in biotechnology while raising significant ethical concerns. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the primary method used in cloning, involves transferring the nucleus of a body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus has been removed.
Questions 1-5: Multiple Choice
-
What was the first successfully cloned mammal?
A) A mouse
B) A sheep
C) A monkey
D) A cow -
When was Dolly the sheep cloned?
A) 1995
B) 1996
C) 1997
D) 1998
(Questions 3-5 continue in similar format)
Passage 2: Therapeutic vs. Reproductive Cloning
The distinction between therapeutic and reproductive cloning represents a crucial ethical divide. Ethical concerns in biotechnology have become increasingly complex as technology advances. Therapeutic cloning aims to produce embryonic stem cells for medical treatment, while reproductive cloning focuses on creating a genetic copy of an existing organism.
Questions 6-10: True/False/Not Given
- Therapeutic cloning is primarily used for medical research.
- Reproductive cloning of humans is currently legal worldwide.
- Stem cells from therapeutic cloning can treat various diseases.
(Questions 9-10 follow similar pattern)
Passage 3: Ethical Debates and Future Implications
The most contentious aspects of human cloning center on moral and philosophical questions. What are the ethical implications of gene editing in humans? Critics argue that cloning could lead to genetic determinism and compromise human dignity, while proponents emphasize potential medical benefits.
Questions 11-14: Matching Headings
A) Religious Perspectives
B) Scientific Benefits
C) Legal Framework
D) Social Impact
Match the headings to paragraphs 1-4…
Answer Key
- B
- B
3-14: (Detailed answers following the same format)
Visual representation of key ethical debates surrounding human cloning
This practice test explores core aspects of human cloning while testing various IELTS reading skills. What are the ethical implications of artificial organs? Understanding these complex topics helps prepare for similar academic texts in the actual IELTS exam.
