Free trade agreements (FTAs) have been a recurring topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing roughly 2-3 times annually over the past decade. The topic frequently appears in both advantages/disadvantages and discussion essays. Based on analysis of past exams, here is a common question format:
Some people believe that free trade agreements between countries bring more benefits than drawbacks to the local economy and society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Free trade agreements connecting global economies through partnership
Analyzing the Question
- Topic: Free trade agreements and their impact
- Task: Agree/Disagree essay
- Key aspects to address: Economic and social impacts
- Scope: Local economy and society
- Position: Must clearly state level of agreement
Band 8 Sample Essay
International trade agreements have become increasingly prevalent in our globalized economy. While some argue these arrangements may have negative consequences, I strongly agree that the advantages of free trade significantly outweigh any potential drawbacks.
The primary benefit of free trade agreements is their ability to boost economic growth and prosperity. When trade barriers are removed, businesses gain access to larger markets, enabling them to increase production and achieve economies of scale. For example, the ASEAN Free Trade Area has helped Southeast Asian nations significantly increase their export volumes and GDP growth rates. Additionally, consumers benefit from greater product choices and more competitive prices, as foreign competition drives domestic companies to improve efficiency and quality.
Furthermore, free trade promotes technological advancement and knowledge transfer between nations. When countries open their markets, they often exchange not just goods but also expertise and innovation. Companies operating across borders frequently introduce new technologies and business practices to local markets, enhancing productivity and professional development opportunities for the local workforce. For instance, the automotive industry in Thailand has grown substantially through partnerships with Japanese manufacturers, leading to significant technological upgrades in local production capabilities.
Benefits of international trade showing economic growth and innovation
While critics argue that free trade may lead to job losses in certain sectors, this drawback is typically temporary and outweighed by new employment opportunities in emerging industries. The key is for governments to implement proper transition programs and workforce training to help affected workers adapt to changing market conditions. Moreover, the increased economic activity generated by free trade often creates more jobs than it displaces.
In conclusion, free trade agreements deliver substantial benefits to participating nations through economic growth, technological advancement, and increased opportunities. While careful management of potential challenges is necessary, the overall positive impact on local economies and societies is clear and significant.
Band 8 Score Analysis
- Task Response: 9 (Clear position, fully developed ideas)
- Coherence/Cohesion: 8 (Logical organization, effective paragraphing)
- Lexical Resource: 8 (Wide vocabulary range, natural collocations)
- Grammar: 8 (Complex structures, minimal errors)
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Free trade agreements between countries are becoming more common nowadays. In my opinion, these agreements have both positive and negative effects on local economy and society, but the benefits are generally greater.
One main advantage is that free trade makes products cheaper for consumers. When there are no trade barriers, companies can sell their products in other countries without paying high taxes. This means people can buy foreign products at lower prices. For example, many electronic products become cheaper when countries remove import taxes. Also, local companies must compete with foreign companies, which makes them improve their quality and reduce prices.
However, there are some problems with free trade agreements. Some local businesses may close because they cannot compete with big foreign companies. This can cause unemployment in some industries. Workers in traditional industries like farming or small manufacturing may lose their jobs when cheaper foreign products enter the market.
Impact of trade agreements on local businesses and employment
Another benefit is that countries can sell their products to more customers in other countries. This helps local companies grow bigger and make more money. For instance, many Asian countries have increased their exports by joining trade agreements. This creates new jobs and helps the economy grow.
In conclusion, while free trade agreements can cause some problems for certain businesses and workers, the overall benefits to the economy and consumers are more significant. Governments should help affected workers find new jobs and support local businesses to adapt to international competition.
Band 6.5 Score Analysis
- Task Response: 7 (Clear position but limited development)
- Coherence/Cohesion: 6 (Basic organization, simple linking)
- Lexical Resource: 6 (Adequate vocabulary, some repetition)
- Grammar: 7 (Mix of simple and complex structures)
Key Vocabulary
- trade barriers (n) /treɪd ˈbæriəz/ – restrictions on international trade
- economies of scale (n) /ɪˈkɒnəmiz əv skeɪl/ – cost advantages from increased production
- technological advancement (n) /ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ədˈvɑːnsmənt/ – progress in technology
- workforce training (n) /ˈwɜːkfɔːs ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ – employee skill development
- import taxes (n) /ˈɪmpɔːt ˈtæksɪz/ – duties on imported goods
For practice, try writing your own essay on this topic or a related prompt:
“Do free trade agreements help or harm developing countries? Discuss both views and give your opinion.”
Share your practice essays in the comments for feedback and discussion.
