The debate about zoos and their role in wildlife conservation has been a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on past exam analysis, this topic appeared multiple times between 2019-2023, particularly in countries like India, China, and Australia. Similar to should animal testing be banned worldwide, this topic tests candidates’ ability to evaluate ethical concerns against practical benefits.
Zoo conservation debate in IELTS Writing Task 2
Common Exam Question Pattern
Some people believe zoos are essential for wildlife conservation and education, while others argue they are unethical and animals should live freely in their natural habitats. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Question Analysis
- Topic: Role of zoos in conservation vs ethical treatment of animals
- Task: Discussion + Opinion
- Key aspects to cover:
- Conservation benefits
- Educational value
- Ethical concerns
- Animal welfare
- Natural habitat preservation
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8)
The controversy surrounding zoos’ role in wildlife preservation versus their ethical implications has sparked considerable debate. While some advocate for zoos as crucial conservation centers, others condemn them as morally questionable institutions. In my view, well-regulated zoos play a vital role in species preservation, though significant reforms are necessary.
Modern zoos serve as sanctuaries for endangered species and contribute substantially to conservation efforts. For instance, the San Diego Zoo’s successful breeding program has helped increase the population of giant pandas, preventing their extinction. Additionally, these facilities enable scientists to conduct valuable research on animal behavior and genetics, which proves instrumental in wildlife preservation strategies.
However, critics raise valid concerns about the ethical implications of confining animals. Many species experience psychological distress in captivity, exhibiting abnormal behaviors like constant pacing or self-harm. Furthermore, some facilities prioritize entertainment over animal welfare, providing inadequate space and unsuitable living conditions that compromise the animals’ physical and mental well-being.
In my assessment, the solution lies in transforming traditional zoos into conservation-focused sanctuaries. This approach would maintain the benefits of species preservation while addressing ethical concerns. Modern facilities should prioritize creating spacious, natural-like habitats, implementing enrichment programs, and limiting human interaction to necessary care and research activities.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 7)
The role of zoos in modern society has become a topic of heated discussion. While some people consider them essential for protecting endangered species, others view them as unethical institutions. I believe that zoos can be beneficial if they prioritize animal welfare.
Zoos play an important role in wildlife conservation. They help protect endangered animals and provide a safe environment for breeding programs. Many species have been saved from extinction through zoo-based conservation efforts. Moreover, zoos educate the public about wildlife and environmental protection, especially children who might never see these animals in their natural habitats.
On the other hand, keeping animals in captivity raises ethical concerns. Many animals suffer from stress and depression in artificial environments. They often lack sufficient space to roam and exhibit natural behaviors. Some zoos also exploit animals for entertainment rather than focusing on their well-being.
In my opinion, while zoos can contribute to conservation, they need strict regulations to ensure proper animal care. Modern zoos should focus more on creating natural habitats and less on entertainment. They should also participate actively in wildlife rehabilitation and release programs when possible.
Key Vocabulary
- conservation (n) /ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/ – wildlife protection
- ethical (adj) /ˈeθ.ɪ.kəl/ – morally correct
- sanctuary (n) /ˈsæŋk.tʃə.ri/ – safe haven
- endangered (adj) /ɪnˈdeɪn.dʒəd/ – at risk of extinction
- artificial (adj) /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ – not natural
- rehabilitation (n) /ˌriː.hə.bɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ – recovery process
- exploitation (n) /ˌeks.plɔɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ – unfair use
Essay Analysis
- Band 8 Essay: Demonstrates sophisticated vocabulary, complex structures, and clear progression of ideas
- Band 7 Essay: Shows good control of language with some advanced vocabulary but less sophisticated argument development
For practice, try writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback. Consider also exploring related topics like wildlife conservation in natural habitats or endangered species protection programs.
