Nuclear energy has been a recurring topic in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams, with questions frequently focusing on its advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power. Based on past exam trends and current global energy debates, this theme is likely to remain relevant in future tests. Let’s examine a common question format and provide sample essays for different band scores.
Some people think that nuclear energy is the best solution to the world’s increasing demand for energy. Others believe it is too dangerous and alternative forms of energy should be developed. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss the view that nuclear energy is the best solution for increasing energy demand
- Present the opposing view that nuclear energy is dangerous and alternatives should be developed
- Provide a personal opinion on the matter
It’s crucial to address all parts of the question to achieve a high band score.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
In recent years, the debate over nuclear energy as a solution to growing global energy needs has intensified. While some advocate for its expansion, others argue for the development of alternative energy sources due to safety concerns. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own stance on this complex issue.
Proponents of nuclear energy argue that it offers a reliable and efficient source of power with minimal carbon emissions. Nuclear plants can generate vast amounts of electricity consistently, meeting the increasing energy demands of modern societies without contributing significantly to climate change. Moreover, advancements in nuclear technology have improved safety measures, reducing the risk of accidents. Countries like France, which derives about 70% of its electricity from nuclear power, demonstrate the potential for large-scale implementation.
On the other hand, critics contend that the risks associated with nuclear energy outweigh its benefits. The consequences of nuclear accidents, such as those at Chernobyl and Fukushima, can be catastrophic and long-lasting, affecting human health and the environment for generations. Additionally, the problem of safely storing radioactive waste remains unresolved, posing potential dangers for thousands of years. These concerns have led many to advocate for the development of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power, which are seen as safer and more sustainable alternatives.
In my opinion, while nuclear energy does present significant advantages in terms of power generation and reduced carbon emissions, the potential risks cannot be ignored. I believe that a balanced approach is necessary. In the short term, existing nuclear plants should be maintained and upgraded with the latest safety technologies. However, long-term energy strategies should focus on gradually transitioning to a diverse mix of renewable energy sources. This approach would allow us to benefit from nuclear energy’s efficiency while working towards a safer and more sustainable energy future.
In conclusion, the debate over nuclear energy reflects the complex challenges we face in meeting global energy needs while ensuring safety and sustainability. A carefully considered, phased approach that combines the strengths of nuclear power with the continued development of renewable alternatives offers the most promising path forward.
(Word count: 339)
Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates characteristics of a Band 8-9 response:
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Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both views and providing a clear personal opinion.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing. It uses cohesive devices effectively (e.g., “On the other hand”, “Moreover”, “In conclusion”).
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Lexical Resource: It employs a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “intensified”, “advocates”, “catastrophic”, “radioactive waste”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a variety of complex structures accurately (e.g., “While some advocate for its expansion, others argue for the development of alternative energy sources”).
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Development of Ideas: Each main point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
The topic of nuclear energy as a solution to increasing energy demand is widely debated. Some people think it’s the best option, while others believe it’s too dangerous and we should develop other energy sources. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who support nuclear energy say it can produce a lot of electricity without causing much pollution. Nuclear power plants don’t release greenhouse gases like coal or oil plants do, so they don’t contribute to climate change. Also, nuclear energy is reliable and can work all the time, unlike solar or wind power which depend on weather conditions.
However, people against nuclear energy worry about its dangers. They remember big accidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima, which caused serious health and environmental problems. Another issue is nuclear waste, which stays dangerous for thousands of years and is difficult to store safely. These people think we should focus on developing safer renewable energy sources like solar and wind power instead.
In my opinion, both sides have good points, but I think the risks of nuclear energy are too high. While it can produce a lot of clean energy, the potential for disasters and the problem of waste storage are serious concerns. I believe we should invest more in developing and improving renewable energy technologies. These sources are becoming more efficient and can provide clean energy without the risks associated with nuclear power.
To conclude, although nuclear energy has some advantages, I think the pros and cons of nuclear energy as a clean power source show that its risks outweigh its benefits. We should focus on safer and more sustainable energy alternatives for the future.
(Word count: 292)
Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates characteristics of a Band 6-7 response:
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Task Achievement: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the ideas could be more fully developed.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized, but the use of cohesive devices is less sophisticated than in the Band 8-9 essay.
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Lexical Resource: It uses a sufficient range of vocabulary, but lacks the precision and sophistication of higher band scores.
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence structures with generally good control.
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Development of Ideas: Main points are supported, but the examples and explanations are less detailed compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
Key Vocabulary
- Nuclear energy (noun) /ˈnjuːklɪə ˈenədʒi/ – Energy released during nuclear fission or fusion
- Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˈnjuːəbəl ˈenədʒi/ – Energy from sources that are naturally replenished
- Radioactive waste (noun) /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈæktɪv weɪst/ – Waste product from nuclear reactions, harmful to living organisms
- Greenhouse gases (noun) /ˈɡriːnhaʊs ˈɡæsɪz/ – Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect and climate change
- Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ – Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level
- Efficiency (noun) /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/ – The state or quality of being efficient
- Catastrophic (adjective) /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/ – Involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering
- Alternative (noun/adjective) /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ – Available as another possibility or choice
Conclusion
The pros and cons of nuclear power as an energy source remain a relevant and challenging topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:
- The role of nuclear energy in combating climate change
- Government investment in nuclear power vs. renewable energy
- The future of energy production in developing countries
Remember to structure your essays clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammar, and fully address all parts of the question. We encourage you to practice writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active engagement will significantly improve your IELTS writing skills.