The topic of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation’s impact on employment has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 examinations. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this theme appears in approximately 15-20% of technology-related tasks, particularly in the last 3 years. Due to rapid technological advancement, we can expect this topic to remain highly relevant in future tests.
Common Question Types
Some people believe that the development of artificial intelligence and automation will lead to widespread job losses. Others think it will create new employment opportunities. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Question Analysis
This question requires:
- Discussion of both positive and negative impacts of AI/automation on employment
- Clear personal stance
- Balanced examination of contrasting viewpoints
- Relevant examples and supporting evidence
- Logical structure and coherent arguments
Band 8-9 Sample Essay
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and automation technologies has sparked intense debate about their implications for the global workforce. While some fear massive unemployment, others anticipate new job creation opportunities. In my opinion, while short-term displacement is inevitable, the long-term impact will likely be positive with proper preparation and adaptation.
Those concerned about job losses make valid points about the immediate impact of automation. Manufacturing, transportation, and customer service sectors are already experiencing significant workforce reductions as robots and AI systems replace human workers. For instance, major automotive manufacturers now employ sophisticated robots for assembly line tasks, reducing their human workforce by up to 40%. Similarly, the introduction of self-checkout systems in retail has decreased the need for traditional cashiers.
However, proponents of AI and automation argue that these technologies will generate new employment opportunities. Historical evidence supports this view, as previous technological revolutions ultimately created more jobs than they eliminated. The digital revolution, for example, gave rise to entirely new industries like software development and digital marketing. AI and automation are likely to follow a similar pattern, creating roles in areas such as machine learning engineering, robot maintenance, and AI ethics consultation.
In my view, while job displacement is a serious short-term challenge, the long-term benefits will outweigh the drawbacks if managed properly. The key lies in proactive adaptation through education and reskilling programs. Countries like South Korea and Singapore have already implemented successful initiatives to retrain workers for automated industries, demonstrating how societies can effectively navigate this transition.
Band 6-7 Sample Essay
Many people worry about losing their jobs because of AI and automation, while others think these technologies will create new jobs. I believe both views have some truth, but we need to prepare for changes in the job market.
First, it’s true that many jobs are disappearing because of machines and computers. In factories, robots are now doing work that people used to do. For example, in my country, many assembly line workers have lost their jobs to machines. Also, bank clerks are being replaced by ATMs and online banking apps.
However, new jobs are also being created by these technologies. Companies need people to design, build, and fix the robots and AI systems. There are also new jobs in computer programming and data analysis. Some people who lost their old jobs have found better jobs working with new technology.
I think we will see both job losses and new opportunities in the future. The important thing is to learn new skills and prepare for change. Schools and companies should help workers learn about technology so they can find new jobs when old ones disappear. Governments should also help by providing training programs.
Workers receiving training in AI and automation technologies
Key Vocabulary
- workforce reduction (n) /ˈwɜːkfɔːs rɪˈdʌkʃən/ – decrease in number of employees
- displacement (n) /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/ – forced removal from regular position
- proactive adaptation (n) /prəʊˈæktɪv ædæpˈteɪʃən/ – preparing for change before it happens
- reskilling (n) /riːˈskɪlɪŋ/ – learning new abilities for a different job
- technological revolution (n) /ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˌrevəˈluːʃən/ – major change in technology affecting society
- machine learning engineering (n) /məˈʃiːn ˈlɜːnɪŋ ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ – designing AI systems that can learn
- automated industries (n) /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd ˈɪndəstriz/ – sectors using automatic equipment
- assembly line (n) /əˈsembli laɪn/ – manufacturing process where products move from worker to worker
Future practice questions might include:
- Discuss the role of governments in managing AI-related job transitions
- To what extent should education systems change to prepare students for an automated workplace?
- What measures should companies take to help their workforce adapt to automation?
Feel free to practice writing an essay on the given topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion.
