The Reading section of the IELTS exam often includes a variety of texts from different genres and topics, aiming to test a wide range of reading skills. One common topic that appears frequently is literature, specifically focusing on the contributions of renowned authors. In this article, we’ll provide a detailed reading practice passage based on the keyword “Contributions of renowned authors to literature.” We’ll also discuss some common IELTS reading question types, provide useful vocabulary, key grammar points, and offer tips to help you excel in this section.

Reading Passage: Medium Text

The Pioneering Works of Renowned Authors

Throughout history, many authors have made significant contributions to literature, shaping the cultural and intellectual landscapes of their times. These literary giants have provided us with works that not only tell compelling stories but also delve deep into human nature, social issues, and philosophical queries.

One of the most influential authors is William Shakespeare. Known for his intricate playwriting and profound poetry, Shakespeare’s works have transcended time, language, and culture. His plays, such as “Hamlet,” “Othello,” and “Macbeth,” explore themes of power, betrayal, and existentialism, making them as relevant today as they were in the 16th century.

Similarly, Charles Dickens’ novels offered a critical look at the society of Victorian England, highlighting the plight of the poor and the injustices faced by the underprivileged. His characters, like Oliver Twist and Ebenezer Scrooge, have become timeless symbols of various social issues, prompting readers to consider the societal norms and values of their own times.

The contributions of Jane Austen should also be noted. Her works, like “Pride and Prejudice” and “Sense and Sensibility,” offer a witty, satirical view of early 19th-century British society. Austen’s keen observations on social class, marriage, and morality continue to resonate with readers and inspire countless adaptations in modern media.

In the world of American literature, Mark Twain stands out with his humorous, satirical critiques of society. His novels, “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” and “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,” address serious themes like racism and social hypocrisy through the lens of childhood adventures.

Moreover, Russian authors like Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoevsky have profoundly impacted global literature with their exploration of ethical and existential questions. Tolstoy’s “War and Peace” and Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment” offer deep philosophical insights, while also painting vivid pictures of Russian society.

These renowned authors, among many others, have left an indelible mark on the literary world. Their works continue to be studied, analyzed, and celebrated, offering endless material for academic inquiry and personal reflection.

Contributions of Renowned Authors

Reading Questions

Multiple Choice

1. What theme is NOT explored in Shakespeare’s plays?

   • A. Power
   • B. Betrayal
   • C. Technological advancement
   • D. Existentialism

2. In Dickens’ novels, what is often highlighted about Victorian society?

   • A. Technological progress
   • B. Social inequalities
   • C. Political revolutions
   • D. Artistic trends

True/False/Not Given

1. Jane Austen’s novels were unpopular during her lifetime.
2. Mark Twain’s novels address the issue of racism through childhood adventures.
3. Leo Tolstoy’s works are famous for their depiction of Russian aristocracy.

Matching Information

Match the author to their contribution:

• 1. William Shakespeare
• 2. Charles Dickens
• 3. Jane Austen
• 4. Mark Twain
• 5. Fyodor Dostoevsky

• A. Witty social commentary on early 19th-century British society.

• B. Addressing serious themes through humor and satire.

• C. Deep philosophical and ethical exploration.

• D. Intricate playwriting and profound poetry.

• E. Critical look at Victorian society’s inequalities.

Sentence Completion

1. William Shakespeare’s plays, such as “Hamlet,” “Othello,” and “Macbeth,” explore themes of ____.
2. Charles Dickens’ characters have become timeless symbols of various ____.

Answer Keys

Multiple Choice

1. C. Technological advancement
2. B. Social inequalities

True/False/Not Given

1. Not Given
2. True
3. True

Matching Information

1. D. William Shakespeare – Intricate playwriting and profound poetry.
2. E. Charles Dickens – Critical look at Victorian society’s inequalities.
3. A. Jane Austen – Witty social commentary on early 19th-century British society.
4. B. Mark Twain – Addressing serious themes through humor and satire.
5. C. Fyodor Dostoevsky – Deep philosophical and ethical exploration.

Sentence Completion

1. Power, betrayal, and existentialism
2. Social issues

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Misinterpreting the Question: Carefully read the questions and ensure you understand what is being asked—especially in True/False/Not Given questions.
2. Skimming Too Quickly: While skimming is a useful technique, make sure you don’t miss important details that can change the meaning of a passage.
3. Not Using Keywords: Track keywords in the passage and questions to locate relevant information quickly.
4. Assuming Information: Only rely on what is presented in the passage, not on prior knowledge or assumptions.

Vocabulary

• Intricate (adj) /ˈɪn.trɪ.kət/: very detailed and complicated.
• Betrayal (n) /bɪˈtreɪ.əl/: the act of betraying someone or something.
• Existentialism (n) /ˌɛg.zɪˈsten.ʃɪˌɪz.əm/: a philosophy that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice.
• Plight (n) /plaɪt/: a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation.
• Satirical (adj) /səˈtɪr.ɪ.kəl/: using satire to expose or criticize stupidity or vices.
• Hypocrisy (n) /hɪˈpɒk.rɪ.si/: the practice of claiming to have moral standards or beliefs to which one’s own behavior does not conform.

Grammar Points

1. Relative Clauses: These clauses provide additional information about a noun mentioned in the sentence. Example: “Authors who have made significant contributions…”
2. Passive Voice: Often used in academic writing to emphasize the action rather than the actor. Example: “Many works have been written by famous authors.”
3. Complex Sentences: Important for higher-level writing, involving multiple clauses. Example: “While Shakespeare’s plays are timeless, Dickens’ works offer a critique of societal injustices.”

Tips for Higher Reading Scores

1. Practice Regularly: Consistent practice with a variety of texts will enhance your reading skills.
2. Build Your Vocabulary: A wide range of vocabulary helps in understanding and answering questions more accurately.
3. Improve Skimming and Scanning Skills: Learn to quickly identify key information without reading every word.
4. Take Practice Tests: Familiarize yourself with the test format and question types.
5. Analyze Your Mistakes: Review incorrect answers to understand your mistakes and avoid repeating them.

By incorporating these strategies and this practice passage into your study routine, you’ll be better prepared for the Reading section of the IELTS exam. Good luck!