Mastering IELTS Speaking: How to Describe a Famous Landmark in Your City

The ability to describe a famous landmark in your city is a crucial skill for the IELTS Speaking test. This topic frequently appears in various parts of the speaking exam, particularly in Part 2, where candidates are often asked to speak about a well-known place or building. Let’s explore how to tackle this topic effectively and achieve a high band score.

Part 1: Introduction and Interview

In Part 1, the examiner may ask some general questions about landmarks or famous places in your city. Here are some potential questions and sample answers:

1. Are there many famous landmarks in your city?
2. Which landmark in your city do you like the most?
3. How often do you visit famous places in your city?

Let’s focus on answering the second question:

Sample answer (Band 7-8):

“Well, the landmark I’m most fond of in my city is the iconic Gateway of India. It’s a stunning arch monument that stands majestically on the waterfront, overlooking the Arabian Sea. What I particularly appreciate about it is its rich historical significance, as it was built to commemorate the visit of King George V and Queen Mary to Mumbai. The blend of Indian, Islamic, and Western architectural styles makes it truly unique and captivating.”

Describe a place you would like to visit for a holiday to broaden your perspective on discussing various locations.

Part 2: Long Turn

In this section, you’ll be given a cue card related to describing a famous landmark. Here’s a sample cue card:

Describe a famous landmark in your city
You should say:
- What it is
- Where it is located
- What it looks like
- And explain why it is famous

Sample answer (Band 6-7):

“I’d like to talk about the Taj Mahal, which is undoubtedly the most famous landmark in my city, Agra. It’s located on the right bank of the Yamuna River in the eastern part of the city.

The Taj Mahal is a stunning white marble mausoleum that’s known for its incredible beauty and symmetry. It has a large dome in the center, surrounded by four smaller domes. The building is adorned with intricate carvings and inlaid precious stones, which make it look even more magnificent.

This landmark is famous for several reasons. Firstly, it’s considered one of the New Seven Wonders of the World due to its architectural brilliance. Secondly, it has a romantic history – it was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Lastly, it attracts millions of tourists from around the world every year, making it a symbol of India’s rich cultural heritage.”

Sample answer (Band 8-9):

“I’d be delighted to describe the Taj Mahal, undoubtedly the most iconic landmark in my city, Agra. This architectural marvel is strategically situated on the right bank of the Yamuna River in the eastern part of the city, creating a breathtaking vista that has captivated visitors for centuries.

The Taj Mahal is a resplendent white marble mausoleum that stands as a testament to architectural perfection and symmetry. Its central dome, an imposing structure that seems to touch the sky, is flanked by four smaller domes, creating a harmonious silhouette against the horizon. The entire edifice is adorned with intricate carvings and inlaid with a myriad of precious stones, which catch the light in different ways throughout the day, giving the monument an almost ethereal quality.

This landmark’s fame stems from multiple factors. Firstly, it’s universally recognized as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, a distinction earned through its unparalleled architectural brilliance and beauty. Secondly, the Taj Mahal is steeped in romantic history – it was commissioned by Emperor Shah Jahan as a tribute to his undying love for his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. This poignant backstory adds a layer of emotional resonance to its already impressive physical presence. Lastly, the Taj Mahal has become a global symbol of India’s rich cultural heritage, attracting millions of visitors annually and serving as a source of national pride. Its enduring allure continues to inspire artists, poets, and travelers from all corners of the world, cementing its status as a truly timeless masterpiece.”

The Taj Mahal in Agra, a famous landmark in India

Follow-up questions:

1. How has this landmark changed over time?
2. What impact does this landmark have on the local economy?

Sample answer for question 2 (Band 8-9):

“The Taj Mahal has an immense impact on the local economy of Agra. It serves as the primary driver of tourism in the region, attracting millions of visitors annually from both within India and abroad. This influx of tourists has led to the development of a robust hospitality industry, including hotels, restaurants, and tour operators, creating numerous job opportunities for local residents.

Moreover, the landmark has spurred the growth of local handicraft industries, particularly those specializing in marble inlay work and miniature Taj replicas. These businesses not only preserve traditional artisanal skills but also provide livelihoods to many families.

The consistent tourist footfall also contributes significantly to government revenues through entrance fees and taxes, which can be reinvested in the city’s infrastructure and conservation efforts. However, it’s worth noting that this heavy reliance on a single attraction also makes the local economy vulnerable to fluctuations in tourism, as seen during global events that affect travel.”

Part 3: Two-way Discussion

In this part, the examiner will ask more abstract questions related to landmarks and famous places. Here are some potential questions:

1. How do landmarks contribute to a country’s identity?
2. Should governments invest in preserving old landmarks or building new ones?
3. What are the challenges of maintaining historical landmarks in modern cities?

Let’s focus on the first question:

Sample answer (Band 7-8):

“Landmarks play a crucial role in shaping a country’s identity. They often serve as physical representations of a nation’s history, culture, and achievements. For example, the Eiffel Tower has become synonymous with France, instantly recognizable worldwide. These iconic structures can evoke a sense of national pride and unity among citizens.

Moreover, landmarks can attract international attention and tourism, which not only boosts the economy but also promotes cultural exchange. They become focal points for visitors to learn about the country’s heritage and values. In essence, landmarks act as ambassadors, silently telling the story of a nation to the world.”

Sample answer (Band 8-9):

“Landmarks play an integral role in shaping and reinforcing a country’s identity. They serve as tangible manifestations of a nation’s history, cultural heritage, and technological or artistic achievements. These iconic structures often become symbols of national pride, fostering a sense of unity and shared identity among citizens.

Take, for instance, the Great Wall of China or the Statue of Liberty in the United States. These landmarks have transcended their physical presence to become powerful emblems of their respective nations, instantly recognizable globally. They encapsulate the essence of the country’s values, aspirations, and historical journey.

Furthermore, landmarks often act as catalysts for international recognition and tourism. They draw visitors from around the world, not only boosting the local and national economy but also facilitating cultural exchange and understanding. In this way, landmarks become silent ambassadors, educating people about the country’s heritage, architectural prowess, and cultural significance.

It’s also worth noting that landmarks can evolve in their symbolism over time. For example, the Colosseum in Rome has transformed from a symbol of imperial power to one of historical preservation and cultural importance. This evolution reflects the dynamic nature of national identity and how it can be influenced by changing perspectives and values.

In essence, landmarks serve as physical anchor points for a nation’s collective memory and identity. They provide a tangible connection to the past, a celebration of the present, and often, an inspiration for the future, thereby playing a multifaceted role in shaping how a country perceives itself and is perceived by others.”

The Eiffel Tower in Paris, an iconic landmark

Describe a famous place in your country you want to revisit to expand your vocabulary on discussing well-known locations.

Key Vocabulary and Phrases

To achieve a high band score, it’s crucial to use a range of vocabulary and complex structures. Here are some useful terms and phrases:

1. Iconic landmark (noun): A very famous or important place that is symbolic of a city or country.
   Example: The Sydney Opera House is an iconic landmark of Australia.

2. Architectural marvel (noun): A building that is considered a wonder due to its design and construction.
   Example: The Sagrada Familia in Barcelona is considered an architectural marvel.

3. To stand the test of time (idiom): To remain important or valuable for a long period.
   Example: The Pyramids of Giza have stood the test of time, lasting for thousands of years.

4. Cultural heritage (noun): The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society.
   Example: The Taj Mahal is an important part of India’s cultural heritage.

5. To attract visitors in droves (phrase): To draw many people to a place.
   Example: The Louvre attracts visitors in droves, especially to see the Mona Lisa.

Describe a famous building you would like to visit to learn more about discussing architectural structures.

Examiner’s Advice

To excel in describing famous landmarks in the IELTS Speaking test:

1. Research thoroughly: Familiarize yourself with various landmarks in your city and country. Know their history, architectural features, and cultural significance.

2. Practice descriptive language: Use vivid adjectives and specific details to paint a clear picture of the landmark.

3. Develop personal opinions: Be ready to express your thoughts on the landmark’s importance and impact.

4. Use a range of tenses: Incorporate past, present, and future tenses when discussing the landmark’s history, current state, and potential future.

5. Link to broader themes: Connect the landmark to wider topics like tourism, cultural identity, or urban development.

Remember, the key to a high score is not just about what you say, but how you say it. Aim for fluency, coherence, and a wide range of vocabulary and grammatical structures.

Describe a historical building you have visited to enhance your ability to discuss architectural and historical aspects of landmarks.

By following these guidelines and practicing regularly, you’ll be well-prepared to discuss famous landmarks confidently in your IELTS Speaking test. Remember to stay calm, speak naturally, and showcase your language skills to the best of your ability.

The Colosseum in Rome, an ancient landmark

Describe a famous tourist attraction in your city to further improve your ability to discuss popular locations in detail.