The IELTS Speaking test often includes questions about historical events or moments that interest candidates. Being able to describe a moment in history that fascinates you can demonstrate your English language skills, general knowledge, and ability to express opinions clearly. This topic is particularly common in Part 2 of the Speaking test, where you may be asked to give a longer talk about a specific subject. Let’s explore how to approach this topic effectively to maximize your IELTS Speaking score.
Part 1: Introduction and Interview
While the main focus of this topic is likely to appear in Part 2, the examiner may warm up with some related questions in Part 1. Here are some possible questions and sample answers:
- Do you enjoy learning about history?
Sample answer (Band 7-8):
“Yes, I find history quite fascinating. I believe understanding the past helps us make sense of the present and potentially shape the future. I particularly enjoy learning about social movements and how they’ve influenced modern society.”
- What period of history interests you the most?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“I’m particularly intrigued by the Renaissance period. The explosion of art, scientific discovery, and philosophical thought during that time laid the groundwork for much of our modern world. I find it captivating how a relatively short period could have such a profound and lasting impact on human civilization.”
Part 2: Long Turn
In this section, you’ll be given a cue card with a topic and some bullet points to guide your talk. Here’s a sample cue card related to our main topic:
Describe a moment in history that interests you
You should say:
- What the moment or event was
- When and where it happened
- Why it interests you
- And explain its significance in historyHere are sample answers for different band scores:
Band 6-7 Sample Answer:
“I’d like to talk about the fall of the Berlin Wall, which happened on November 9, 1989, in Germany. This event fascinates me because it marked the end of the Cold War and symbolized the reunification of Germany.
The Berlin Wall had divided East and West Berlin for almost 30 years, separating families and friends. When it finally came down, it was a moment of joy and celebration for many people. I’ve seen videos of people climbing on top of the wall, embracing each other, and using hammers to chip away pieces as souvenirs.
This event interests me because it shows how quickly things can change in history. The wall seemed permanent, but it came down almost overnight. It’s also a powerful symbol of freedom and the end of Communist rule in Eastern Europe.
The fall of the Berlin Wall is significant in history because it led to the reunification of Germany and contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union. It changed the political landscape of Europe and had a lasting impact on world politics.”
Band 8-9 Sample Answer:
“I’d like to discuss a pivotal moment in history that continues to captivate me: the landing of Apollo 11 on the moon on July 20, 1969. This groundbreaking achievement not only marked humanity’s first steps on another celestial body but also symbolized the pinnacle of human ingenuity and determination.
The lunar landing was the culmination of years of scientific advancement and fierce competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Space Race. What fascinates me most about this event is the sheer audacity of the endeavor. The idea of sending humans nearly 240,000 miles into space, landing them safely on the moon, and bringing them back to Earth was once considered the realm of science fiction.
I find this moment particularly compelling because it transcended political boundaries and united humanity in a shared sense of wonder and achievement. The famous words uttered by Neil Armstrong as he stepped onto the lunar surface – “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” – encapsulate the profound significance of this accomplishment.
The moon landing’s historical significance cannot be overstated. It revolutionized our understanding of space exploration, spurred technological advancements that we still benefit from today, and expanded our perspective on Earth’s place in the universe. Moreover, it demonstrated the immense potential of human collaboration and innovation when focused on a common goal.
This event continues to inspire generations of scientists, engineers, and dreamers. It serves as a testament to human resilience and our capacity to overcome seemingly insurmountable challenges. The legacy of Apollo 11 reminds us that with dedication, ingenuity, and courage, we can achieve the extraordinary and push the boundaries of what’s possible.”
Follow-up questions:
- How do you think this event has influenced modern society?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“The Apollo 11 moon landing has had a profound and lasting impact on modern society. It catalyzed numerous technological advancements, particularly in areas like telecommunications, computer miniaturization, and materials science. These innovations have permeated various aspects of our daily lives, from the smartphones we use to the lightweight materials in our vehicles.
Moreover, the event inspired a whole generation to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This influx of talent and interest in these fields has been a driving force behind many of the technological revolutions we’ve seen in recent decades, including the rise of the internet and advances in renewable energy.
The moon landing also shifted our perspective on environmental issues. The iconic ‘Earthrise’ photograph taken during the Apollo 8 mission, showing our planet as a fragile blue marble in the vastness of space, is credited with kick-starting the environmental movement. This newfound appreciation for Earth’s uniqueness and vulnerability has informed much of our current discourse on climate change and conservation.
Lastly, the collaborative nature of the Apollo program has set a precedent for international cooperation in space exploration. Projects like the International Space Station demonstrate how space can be a domain for peaceful collaboration among nations, fostering diplomatic ties and shared scientific advancement.”
- Do you think it’s important for people to learn about historical events? Why or why not?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“I firmly believe that learning about historical events is crucial for several compelling reasons. Firstly, history provides us with valuable context for understanding the world we live in today. Many of our current social, political, and economic structures are direct results of historical processes and events. By studying history, we gain insights into how and why things are the way they are, which is essential for making informed decisions about our future.
Secondly, historical knowledge equips us with critical thinking skills. Analyzing historical events requires us to evaluate sources, consider different perspectives, and draw connections between various factors. These skills are transferable to many aspects of life and are particularly valuable in our era of information overload.
Moreover, learning about history fosters empathy and cultural understanding. By studying the experiences of people from different times and places, we develop a more nuanced view of human diversity and shared experiences. This understanding is crucial for promoting tolerance and cooperation in our increasingly globalized world.
History also serves as a repository of lessons that can guide us in addressing contemporary challenges. While circumstances may change, many of the fundamental issues that societies face – such as balancing individual rights with collective needs, managing resources, or navigating international relations – have historical precedents that we can learn from.
Lastly, knowledge of history gives us a sense of identity and continuity. Understanding our cultural, national, or family history helps us situate ourselves within a larger narrative, providing a sense of belonging and purpose. This connection to the past can be a source of pride, inspiration, and resilience in facing current challenges.
In conclusion, learning about historical events is not just an academic exercise; it’s a vital tool for personal growth, societal progress, and informed citizenship. It enables us to learn from past mistakes, build on past successes, and make more thoughtful decisions about our collective future.”
Part 3: Two-way Discussion
In this section, the examiner will ask more abstract questions related to the topic. Here are some possible questions and sample answers:
- How do you think our understanding of historical events changes over time?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“Our understanding of historical events is constantly evolving, influenced by a variety of factors. Firstly, new evidence often comes to light as archives are declassified, archaeological discoveries are made, or advanced technologies allow us to analyze existing data in new ways. This fresh information can dramatically alter our interpretation of past events.
Secondly, our perspective on history is shaped by our contemporary context. As societal values and norms change, we tend to re-evaluate historical events through new lenses. For instance, the way we now view colonialism or women’s rights is vastly different from perspectives a century ago.
Moreover, the development of new historical methodologies and interdisciplinary approaches contributes to changing interpretations. Historians now often collaborate with experts from fields like psychology, economics, or climate science to gain more holistic insights into historical events.
It’s also worth noting that history is often written by the victors or those in power. As marginalized voices gain platforms to share their experiences and perspectives, our understanding of historical narratives can shift significantly.
Lastly, the passage of time itself can provide a clearer picture of the long-term impacts and significance of historical events. What seemed inconsequential at the time may prove to be pivotal decades later.
In essence, our understanding of history is not static but a dynamic process of continuous reassessment and reinterpretation. This fluidity underscores the importance of approaching historical study with an open mind and a willingness to challenge our existing assumptions.”
- Do you think it’s possible to learn from historical mistakes? Why or why not?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“I strongly believe that it is not only possible but imperative to learn from historical mistakes. History provides us with a vast repository of human experiences, decisions, and their consequences, offering invaluable lessons that can guide our present and future actions.
Firstly, studying historical mistakes allows us to identify patterns and recurring issues in human behavior and societal structures. By recognizing these patterns, we can develop strategies to avoid repeating similar errors. For instance, analyzing the factors that led to economic depressions in the past has informed modern economic policies and safeguards.
Moreover, historical mistakes often illuminate the long-term consequences of short-sighted decisions. This perspective can encourage more thoughtful, sustainable approaches to current challenges. The environmental degradation resulting from unchecked industrialization, for example, has informed contemporary environmental protection efforts.
Learning from historical mistakes also fosters critical thinking and ethical reasoning. By examining past ethical failures, such as human rights abuses or discriminatory policies, we can develop a more nuanced understanding of moral issues and work towards creating more just and equitable societies.
However, it’s crucial to acknowledge that learning from history is not automatic or guaranteed. It requires active engagement, critical analysis, and a willingness to apply historical insights to contemporary situations. Additionally, the complexity of historical contexts means that we must be cautious about drawing overly simplistic parallels between past and present.
Furthermore, the interpretation of historical events can be subject to bias or manipulation, which can hinder genuine learning. It’s essential to approach historical study with a critical eye and consider multiple perspectives.
In conclusion, while learning from historical mistakes presents challenges, it offers immense potential for improving our decision-making processes and outcomes. By thoughtfully examining past errors, we can strive to create a more informed, ethical, and progressive future. The key lies in approaching history not as a static record, but as a dynamic source of wisdom that can illuminate our path forward.”
Key Vocabulary and Phrases for High Scores
-
Pivotal moment (adjective + noun) – /ˈpɪvətl ˈməʊmənt/ – A crucial point in time
Example: “The invention of the printing press was a pivotal moment in the spread of knowledge.” -
Groundbreaking (adjective) – /ˈɡraʊndbreɪkɪŋ/ – Innovative; pioneering
Example: “Einstein’s theory of relativity was a groundbreaking scientific achievement.” -
To transcend (verb) – /trænˈsend/ – To go beyond the usual limits
Example: “The impact of the Renaissance transcended national boundaries.” -
To catalyze (verb) – /ˈkætəlaɪz/ – To cause or accelerate change
Example: “The industrial revolution catalyzed significant social and economic shifts.” -
Profound impact (adjective + noun) – /prəˈfaʊnd ˈɪmpækt/ – A deep, significant effect
Example: “The invention of the internet has had a profound impact on how we communicate.” -
To shape (verb) – /ʃeɪp/ – To influence the development of something
Example: “The Enlightenment shaped modern ideas about individual rights and democracy.” -
Legacy (noun) – /ˈleɡəsi/ – Something handed down from the past
Example: “The legacy of ancient Greek philosophy continues to influence modern thought.” -
To revolutionize (verb) – /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/ – To change something radically or fundamentally
Example: “The discovery of penicillin revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.” -
Watershed moment (noun phrase) – /ˈwɔːtəʃed ˈməʊmənt/ – A turning point
Example: “The fall of the Berlin Wall was a watershed moment in European history.” -
To resonate (verb) – /ˈrezəneɪt/ – To have a lasting impact or significance
Example: “Gandhi’s message of non-violent resistance continues to resonate with people worldwide.”
Examiner’s Advice
To achieve a high score in the IELTS Speaking test when discussing historical moments:
-
Prepare a range of historical events: Have knowledge of various significant historical moments across different periods and regions. This will allow you to choose the most appropriate example for any given question.
-
Practice articulating your thoughts: Work on expressing your ideas clearly and coherently. Use linking words and phrases to connect your points logically.
-
Develop your vocabulary: Incorporate a range of sophisticated vocabulary related to history and its impact. Use these words naturally in your responses.
-
Show critical thinking: Don’t just describe events, but analyze their significance and impact. Demonstrate your ability to think critically about historical events and their relevance to the present.
-
Use specific examples: Support your points with specific details, dates, and facts. This demonstrates your knowledge and adds credibility to your arguments.
-
Practice speaking for extended periods: For Part 2, ensure you can speak on a topic for the full 2 minutes. Time yourself during practice sessions.
-
Engage with the examiner: In Part 3, listen carefully to the questions and engage in a natural conversation. Don’t be afraid to ask for clarification if needed.
-
Show enthusiasm: Demonstrate genuine interest in the topic. Your engagement can positively influence the examiner’s perception of your communication skills.
-
Improve your pronunciation: Work on clear pronunciation and natural intonation. This is particularly important when using specialized historical terms.
-
Stay updated: Keep abreast of current interpretations and discussions about historical events. This will help you provide more nuanced and contemporary perspectives.
Remember, the key to success in the IELTS Speaking test is not just about historical knowledge, but about effectively communicating your thoughts and opinions in English. Regular practice and exposure to English-language discussions about history will significantly improve your performance.
Describe a gift you gave that had special meaning can be another interesting topic that might come up in your IELTS Speaking test. Being prepared for a variety of subjects will help you feel more confident and perform better on test day.