The topic of describing a place in your city that has undergone significant changes is a common theme in IELTS Speaking exams. It allows examiners to assess your ability to discuss local developments, express personal opinions, and use descriptive language effectively. This topic has appeared frequently in past IELTS exams and is likely to remain relevant in future tests.

Part 1: Introduction and Interview

In this section, the examiner may ask you general questions about your city and its changes. Here are some potential questions:

1. How long have you lived in your current city?
2. What do you like or dislike about living in your city?
3. Have there been any major changes in your city recently?

Let’s focus on the third question. Here’s a sample answer for band 7-8:

“Yes, there have been several significant changes in my city over the past few years. The most notable one is the transformation of our old industrial district into a modern, vibrant neighborhood. This area used to be filled with abandoned factories and warehouses, but now it’s bustling with trendy cafes, art galleries, and tech startups. It’s really breathed new life into that part of the city.”

Modern industrial district with cafes and art galleries

Part 2: Long Turn (Cue Card)

Here’s a sample cue card related to the topic:

Describe a place in your city that has changed a lot. You should say:

• Where this place is
• What it was like before
• What changes have been made
• And explain how you feel about these changes

Sample answer (Band 8-9):

“I’d like to talk about our city’s waterfront area, which has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years. This area is located along the eastern edge of our city, stretching for about two kilometers along the river.

In the past, this area was largely neglected and underutilized. It was primarily an industrial zone with old, dilapidated warehouses and a few run-down docks. The riverbank was inaccessible to the public, and the water quality was poor due to years of industrial pollution. It was essentially a forgotten part of our city, despite its potential for beauty and recreation.

Deserted industrial waterfront with polluted water

However, over the last decade, our city government initiated a comprehensive revitalization project. They began by cleaning up the river and improving water quality. The old warehouses were either renovated or replaced with modern, mixed-use buildings that house apartments, offices, and shops. A wide, beautifully landscaped promenade was constructed along the riverbank, dotted with benches, public art installations, and viewing platforms.

One of the most significant additions is the new cultural center, which includes a museum, a theater, and an outdoor amphitheater for concerts and events. They also created several green spaces and parks, including a children’s playground and a dog park. The area now features a variety of restaurants and cafes with outdoor seating, taking advantage of the river views.

Modern waterfront promenade with people enjoying the view

I feel incredibly positive about these changes. The transformation has breathed new life into our city, creating a vibrant, attractive space that draws both locals and tourists. It’s become a focal point for community gatherings and has significantly improved our quality of life. The economic benefits are also evident, with new businesses thriving and property values in the area increasing.

Moreover, I believe this project demonstrates our city’s commitment to sustainable urban development. By repurposing an industrial area into a public space that promotes health, culture, and community, we’re setting a positive example for other cities. It’s truly gratifying to see such a positive change in our urban landscape.”

Follow-up questions:

1. How has this change affected the local community?
2. Do you think there are any downsides to this development?

Sample answers:

1. (Band 7-8) “The transformation has had a profound impact on the local community. It’s created new job opportunities in retail, hospitality, and cultural sectors. The improved public spaces have also fostered a stronger sense of community, with more people spending time outdoors and interacting with their neighbors. However, some long-time residents have expressed concerns about rising property prices and the area becoming too commercialized.”
2. (Band 8-9) “While the development has been largely positive, there are indeed some potential downsides. The rapid gentrification of the area has led to increased living costs, which might price out some long-term residents. There’s also the risk of over-commercialization, potentially losing some of the area’s original character. Additionally, the increased foot traffic and events can sometimes lead to noise pollution and congestion, which might be disruptive for nearby residents. It’s crucial for city planners to address these issues to ensure the development benefits all members of the community.”

Part 3: Two-way Discussion

In this section, the examiner will ask more abstract questions related to urban development and change. Here are some potential questions and sample answers:

1. How do you think urban development affects the environment?

(Band 7-8) “Urban development can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. On the positive side, well-planned developments can promote sustainable living by incorporating green spaces, energy-efficient buildings, and improved public transportation. This can reduce carbon emissions and improve air quality. However, poorly managed development can lead to increased pollution, loss of natural habitats, and strain on natural resources like water and energy.”

2. What role should local communities play in urban planning?

(Band 8-9) “I believe local communities should play a crucial role in urban planning. They have intimate knowledge of the area’s needs, challenges, and potential, which is invaluable for effective planning. Involving communities in the decision-making process can lead to more inclusive and sustainable developments that truly serve the residents’ needs. This could be achieved through public consultations, community workshops, and participatory budgeting initiatives. However, it’s important to balance community desires with broader city goals and expert recommendations to ensure comprehensive and forward-thinking urban development.”

Diverse group of people brainstorming during an urban planning workshop

Key Vocabulary and Phrases

To achieve a high score in your IELTS Speaking test, incorporate these advanced words and phrases:

1. Revitalization (noun) /riːˌvaɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – the act of giving new life or vigor to something
   Example: “The revitalization of the old town center attracted new businesses and residents.”
2. Gentrification (noun) /ˌdʒentrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ – the process of renovating and improving a house or district so that it conforms to middle-class taste
   Example: “While gentrification improved the neighborhood’s appearance, it also raised concerns about affordability.”
3. Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to be maintained at a certain rate or level
   Example: “The city aims to implement sustainable urban development practices to reduce its environmental impact.”
4. Focal point (noun) /ˈfəʊkəl pɔɪnt/ – a center of activity, interest, or attention
   Example: “The new cultural center has become a focal point for community events and artistic performances.”
5. Inaccessible (adjective) /ˌɪnəkˈsesəbl/ – not able to be reached or entered
   Example: “Before the renovation, the riverbank was inaccessible to the public due to industrial buildings.”

Examiner’s Advice

To excel in the IELTS Speaking test, particularly when describing changes in your city:

1. Use a variety of descriptive adjectives and adverbs to make your description vivid and engaging.
2. Incorporate specific examples and personal experiences to support your points.
3. Practice speaking about urban development topics regularly, using news articles or local changes as inspiration.
4. Work on linking your ideas smoothly using appropriate transition phrases.
5. Develop your opinions on urban issues and practice expressing them clearly and coherently.

Remember, the key to a high score is not just about using advanced vocabulary, but also about expressing your ideas clearly, coherently, and with relevant examples. Regular practice and expanding your knowledge of urban development topics will help you feel more confident and perform better in the exam.