Environmental issues are increasingly becoming a hot topic in IELTS Speaking tests. This article will guide you through answering questions about environmental concerns, with a focus on the topic “describe an environmental issue you care about.” We’ll cover strategies for all three parts of the Speaking test, providing sample answers and valuable tips to help you achieve a high band score.
Part 1: Introduction and Interview
In this section, the examiner may ask you general questions about environmental issues. Here are some possible questions and sample answers:
- Are you interested in environmental issues?
Sample answer (Band 7-8):
“Yes, I’m quite passionate about environmental issues. I believe it’s crucial for everyone to be aware of the impact we have on our planet. Recently, I’ve been particularly concerned about climate change and its effects on biodiversity.”
- What environmental problems are there in your country?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“In my country, we face several environmental challenges. The most pressing issue is air pollution in urban areas, primarily caused by industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust. Additionally, deforestation is a significant concern, especially in rural regions where illegal logging continues to threaten our ecosystems. Furthermore, water pollution in rivers and coastal areas is becoming increasingly problematic due to improper waste management.”
Part 2: Long Turn
Cue Card:
Describe an environmental issue you care about
You should say:
- What the issue is
- How you became aware of it
- Why you care about this issue
- What you think can be done to address it
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“I’d like to talk about an environmental issue that I’m deeply concerned about, which is plastic pollution in our oceans. This problem has captured my attention for several years now.
I first became aware of this issue through a compelling documentary I watched about marine life. The images of sea creatures entangled in plastic waste and beaches littered with debris left a lasting impression on me. Since then, I’ve been actively following news and research on this topic.
The reason I care so deeply about ocean plastic pollution is its far-reaching impact on our entire ecosystem. Not only does it harm marine life directly, but it also affects the food chain, potentially impacting human health as microplastics enter our food supply. Moreover, the aesthetic damage to our beautiful coastlines is heartbreaking.
As for addressing this issue, I believe a multi-faceted approach is necessary. Firstly, there needs to be stricter legislation on single-use plastics, including bans on certain products and incentives for eco-friendly alternatives. Secondly, improving waste management systems, especially in coastal areas and developing countries, is crucial. Lastly, raising public awareness through education and community initiatives can help change consumer behavior and encourage more responsible plastic use.
In conclusion, I feel that tackling ocean plastic pollution is a critical challenge that requires global cooperation and individual action. It’s an issue that resonates deeply with me, and I’m committed to doing my part in finding solutions.”
Possible follow-up questions:
- How do you personally contribute to reducing plastic pollution?
- Do you think individuals can make a significant difference in addressing this issue?
Sample answer for follow-up (Band 8-9):
“To contribute to reducing plastic pollution, I’ve made several lifestyle changes. I always carry a reusable water bottle and shopping bags, refuse single-use plastics whenever possible, and participate in local beach clean-up events. I also try to educate my friends and family about the issue.
Regarding individual impact, I firmly believe that collective individual actions can indeed make a significant difference. While systemic changes are necessary, consumer choices drive market demands. As more people opt for eco-friendly products and pressure companies to adopt sustainable practices, we can see a ripple effect leading to broader positive changes in how we manage plastic waste.”
Part 3: Two-way Discussion
Examiner: Let’s discuss environmental issues more broadly. Do you think governments are doing enough to address environmental problems?
Sample answer (Band 7-8):
“I believe that while many governments are taking steps to address environmental issues, there’s still much more that needs to be done. Some countries have implemented promising policies, such as carbon taxes or renewable energy incentives. However, the pace of change often seems too slow given the urgency of problems like climate change. In my opinion, governments should prioritize environmental protection more highly in their policy-making and budget allocations.”
Examiner: How can education systems better prepare young people to tackle environmental challenges?
Sample answer (Band 8-9):
“I strongly believe that education systems play a crucial role in preparing future generations to address environmental challenges. There are several ways this can be achieved:
Firstly, environmental education should be integrated across the curriculum, not just confined to science classes. This interdisciplinary approach can help students understand the complex interconnections between environmental issues and other aspects of society.
Secondly, schools should emphasize practical, hands-on learning experiences. This could include organizing field trips to nature reserves or waste management facilities, conducting experiments on air or water quality, and implementing school-wide recycling programs.
Thirdly, critical thinking and problem-solving skills should be honed through project-based learning focused on real-world environmental issues. This approach can empower students to develop innovative solutions and feel more confident in their ability to make a difference.
Lastly, schools should foster a sense of global citizenship and environmental stewardship. This can be done through international collaborations, participation in global environmental initiatives, and encouraging students to take action in their local communities.
By implementing these strategies, education systems can better equip young people with the knowledge, skills, and motivation needed to tackle the environmental challenges they will inherit.”
Key Vocabulary and Phrases for High Scores
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Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/
Definition: The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat.
Example: “Climate change poses a significant threat to global biodiversity.” -
Ecosystem (noun) /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/
Definition: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Example: “Plastic pollution disrupts marine ecosystems, affecting countless species.” -
Sustainability (noun) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/
Definition: The ability to maintain at a certain rate or level, especially regarding ecological balance.
Example: “Many companies are now focusing on sustainability in their business practices.” -
Carbon footprint (noun) /ˈkɑːbən ˌfʊtprɪnt/
Definition: The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.
Example: “Reducing our carbon footprint is essential in combating climate change.” -
Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˌnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/
Definition: Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.
Example: “The government is investing heavily in renewable energy sources to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.”
For more practice on environmental topics, you might find it helpful to describe a place you visited where the air was polluted. This will help you expand your vocabulary and ideas on environmental issues.
Examiner’s Advice
To achieve a high score in the IELTS Speaking test when discussing environmental issues:
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Develop a wide range of vocabulary related to environmental topics. Use specific terms accurately and naturally in your responses.
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Practice expressing your opinions clearly and supporting them with relevant examples or personal experiences.
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Work on your fluency by regularly discussing environmental issues with others or recording yourself speaking on these topics.
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Improve your pronunciation, particularly of key environmental terms, to ensure clear communication.
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Be prepared to discuss both local and global environmental challenges, as well as potential solutions.
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Stay informed about current environmental news and debates to provide up-to-date and relevant responses.
Remember, consistent practice is key to improving your speaking skills. Consider joining environmental discussion groups or participating in debates to enhance your ability to articulate your thoughts on these important issues.
For additional practice on topics that may indirectly relate to environmental concerns, you could also describe a public facility that was renovated. This can help you discuss urban development and its impact on the environment.
By following these strategies and continuously expanding your knowledge, you’ll be well-prepared to discuss environmental issues confidently in your IELTS Speaking test.