Ecotourism has become an increasingly common topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in various forms since 2019. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this theme frequently tests candidates’ ability to discuss environmental conservation, cultural preservation, and economic development. Let’s examine a recent question that represents this trending topic.
Analysis of Task 2 Question
Some people believe that ecotourism helps protect local environments and cultures, while others argue it causes damage to communities and ecosystems. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Examine both positive and negative impacts of ecotourism
- Present balanced arguments for each perspective
- Provide a clear personal stance supported by evidence
- Conclude with a well-reasoned position
Band 8.5 Sample Essay
Tourism that prioritizes environmental conservation and cultural preservation has become increasingly popular in recent years. While some argue that this form of travel benefits local communities and ecosystems, others contend it can be harmful. In my view, when properly managed, ecotourism’s advantages significantly outweigh its potential drawbacks.
Those who support ecotourism highlight its role in environmental protection and cultural preservation. When communities derive income from showing visitors their natural surroundings and traditional ways of life, they have a strong incentive to maintain these assets. For example, in Costa Rica, revenue from nature-based tourism has helped fund rainforest conservation efforts and enabled indigenous communities to preserve their customs while achieving economic stability. Additionally, interaction between tourists and locals often leads to greater cross-cultural understanding and appreciation.
However, critics raise valid concerns about potential negative impacts. Increased tourist traffic, even when regulated, can strain delicate ecosystems and disrupt wildlife habitats. In some cases, local traditions may become commercialized or artificially maintained purely for tourist consumption. The Maasai communities in Kenya, for instance, have faced pressure to perform traditional ceremonies on schedule for tour groups, potentially compromising the authenticity of their cultural practices.
Nevertheless, I believe these challenges can be effectively addressed through proper planning and management. Implementation of strict visitor limits, comprehensive environmental guidelines, and community-led tourism initiatives can help minimize negative impacts while maximizing benefits. The successful ecotourism model in Bhutan, which combines high-value, low-volume tourism with strong environmental and cultural protections, demonstrates how thoughtful policies can create sustainable outcomes.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Many people have different opinions about ecotourism and its effects on local places and people. Some think it is good while others say it causes problems. I think ecotourism can be both good and bad, but mostly good if done properly.
On the positive side, ecotourism helps local people make money from nature and their culture. When tourists come to see beautiful places and learn about local traditions, they pay money which helps the community. For example, in Thailand, some villages get money from showing tourists their forests and traditional cooking. This helps them protect nature and keep their culture alive.
However, there are some problems too. Sometimes too many tourists come and damage the environment. They might leave trash or scare away animals. Also, some local people change their way of life just to please tourists. This is not good because it makes their culture less real.
But I think these problems can be solved. If we make good rules about how many tourists can visit and teach them to respect local customs, ecotourism can work well. For example, some places only allow small groups of tourists and make them follow strict rules about protecting nature.
Eco-friendly tourist accommodation in natural setting
Key Vocabulary for IELTS Writing
- Ecotourism (n) /ˈiːkəʊˌtʊərɪzəm/ – tourism directed toward natural environments
- Indigenous (adj) /ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/ – originating naturally in a place
- Conservation (n) /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ – preservation and protection of natural resources
- Commercialization (n) /kəˌmɜːʃəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ – the process of making something profitable
- Sustainability (n) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – ability to maintain at a certain level without depleting resources
- Cultural heritage (n) /ˈkʌltʃərəl ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ – legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes
- Biodiversity (n) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ – variety of life in a particular habitat
- Infrastructure (n) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə/ – basic physical systems of a business or nation
Conclusion
For future practice, consider these related topics:
- The impact of mass tourism vs. sustainable tourism
- Traditional culture preservation in tourist destinations
- Environmental protection vs. economic development in tourism
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. Remember to maintain proper essay structure and incorporate relevant vocabulary from the list above.
