Striking a Balance: Navigating Environmental Sustainability in Economic Planning for IELTS Writing Task 2

“Environmental sustainability in economic planning” is a topic of increasing significance in the IELTS Writing Task 2 exam. This reflects a global shift in consciousness towards responsible resource management and sustainable development. The frequency of this theme and its related subtopics appearing in IELTS exams is expected to rise as the world grapples with the interconnected challenges of economic growth and environmental preservation. This article will delve into this crucial topic, providing a sample IELTS essay, in-depth analysis, and key vocabulary to help you achieve a band 7 or higher in your IELTS Writing Task 2.

Sample IELTS Essay Topic

Let’s examine a potential IELTS Writing Task 2 question that aligns with this theme:

<blockquote><strong>Many governments are struggling to find ways to protect the environment and address climate change. Some people believe that imposing higher taxes on businesses and industries that pollute is the most effective way to address this issue. To what extent do you agree or disagree?</strong></blockquote>

Analysis of the Essay Question

This question explores the complex relationship between economic activity, environmental responsibility, and government intervention. It prompts you to evaluate the effectiveness of taxation as a tool for environmental protection and to consider alternative or complementary measures.

Model Essay

<blockquote><strong>Climate change and environmental degradation are pressing global issues demanding urgent action. While some argue that levying higher taxes on polluting businesses is the most effective solution, I believe that a multifaceted approach encompassing a broader range of measures is crucial for achieving meaningful and sustainable change.</strong></blockquote>

<blockquote><strong>Undoubtedly, taxation can be a powerful tool to discourage environmentally harmful practices. By increasing the cost of pollution, businesses may be compelled to adopt cleaner technologies and reduce their environmental footprint. This approach aligns with the “polluter pays” principle, promoting a sense of responsibility and accountability within the corporate sector. Moreover, the revenue generated from these taxes can be reinvested in environmental protection initiatives, such as renewable energy development or conservation programs. For instance, the carbon tax implemented in several European countries has demonstrably reduced carbon emissions by incentivizing investments in sustainable alternatives.</strong></blockquote>

<blockquote><strong>However, relying solely on taxation as a solution to environmental problems has its limitations. Firstly, it can disproportionately burden smaller businesses and hinder economic growth, potentially leading to job losses and reduced competitiveness. Secondly, it may not always incentivize the development and adoption of innovative solutions. If the tax burden is perceived as too high, businesses might choose to simply absorb the cost rather than invest in transformative change. Finally, effective implementation and enforcement of such taxes are crucial. Without stringent monitoring and penalties for non-compliance, the desired environmental outcomes may not be achieved.</strong></blockquote>

Environmental Pollution

<blockquote><strong>Therefore, a more comprehensive approach is necessary. Governments should prioritize a combination of regulatory measures, market-based incentives, and public awareness campaigns. Stringent environmental regulations, coupled with robust enforcement mechanisms, are essential to establish clear environmental standards. Simultaneously, governments can incentivize businesses to adopt eco-friendly practices through subsidies, tax breaks, and support for research and development in green technologies. Public awareness campaigns can foster a culture of environmental responsibility among citizens, encouraging sustainable consumption patterns and promoting individual actions that contribute to a healthier planet. </strong></blockquote>

<blockquote><strong>In conclusion, while higher taxes on polluting industries can play a significant role in promoting environmental sustainability, it is not a silver bullet. A comprehensive strategy that integrates regulations, incentives, and public engagement is paramount to effectively mitigate climate change and protect our environment for future generations.</strong></blockquote>

Word count: 289 words

Writing Notes

• Structure: The essay follows a clear structure (Introduction, Body Paragraph 1: Agree, Body Paragraph 2: Disagree, Conclusion) to present a balanced argument.
• Vocabulary: Uses a range of sophisticated vocabulary related to environmental issues, economics, and government policy.
• Grammar: Demonstrates grammatical accuracy and a variety of sentence structures.
• Coherence and Cohesion: Uses cohesive devices to link ideas effectively and ensure a smooth flow of thought.

Difficult Vocabulary

1. Degradation (noun) /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/: The process in which the quality of something is destroyed or damaged.
2. Levying (verb) /ˈleviɪŋ/: Imposing or collecting a tax or payment.
3. Polluter Pays Principle (noun phrase): An environmental policy that holds the party responsible for producing pollution liable for the costs of cleaning up or mitigating its effects.
4. Disproportionately (adverb) /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃənətli/: To an extent that is out of balance or unfair.
5. Hinder (verb) /ˈhɪndər/: To create difficulties for someone or something, or to make something slower or more difficult.
6. Incentivize (verb) /ɪnˈsɛntɪvaɪz/: To provide motivation or encouragement for someone to do something.
7. Stringent (adjective) /ˈstrɪndʒənt/: Strict, precise, and exacting.
8. Subsidies (noun) /ˈsʌbsədiz/: Financial assistance provided by the government to support a particular industry or activity.
9. Paramount (adjective) /ˈpærəmaʊnt/: Of the greatest importance.
10. Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/: To make something less severe, serious, or painful.

Conclusion

“Environmental sustainability in economic planning” is a multifaceted topic that demands careful consideration and a nuanced approach in your IELTS Writing Task 2 response. By incorporating the vocabulary, understanding the essay structure, and practicing writing about this theme, you can enhance your ability to articulate complex arguments and improve your chances of achieving a high band score. Remember to explore related subtopics and stay informed about current events in this field to demonstrate a well-rounded understanding of this increasingly important global issue. For further insights on related topics, consider exploring articles on the importance of environmental sustainability in economic planning or alternative energy sources replacing fossil fuels.