Genetic engineering is a fascinating yet controversial topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. Based on past exam trends and the increasing relevance of this subject, it’s highly likely that questions related to ethical concerns in genetic engineering will continue to be a popular choice for IELTS examiners. Let’s explore this topic through sample essays and in-depth analysis to help you prepare for your IELTS Writing Task 2.
Analyzing the Task 2 Question
For this article, we’ll focus on the following question that resembles those seen in recent IELTS exams:
Some people believe that genetic engineering and its developments have a lot of advantages for humans. Others, however, argue that genetic engineering experiments should be strictly controlled. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question asks you to discuss two contrasting viewpoints on genetic engineering and provide your personal stance. It’s crucial to address both perspectives and clearly state your opinion to fully answer the question.
Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9 Response
Let’s start with a high-scoring sample essay:
Genetic engineering has emerged as one of the most groundbreaking scientific advancements of our time, offering immense potential to revolutionize healthcare and agriculture. While proponents argue for its numerous benefits, critics advocate for stringent regulations due to ethical concerns. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Those in favor of genetic engineering highlight its myriad advantages in various fields. In medicine, for instance, gene therapy holds promise for treating previously incurable genetic disorders, potentially alleviating suffering for millions worldwide. Additionally, in agriculture, genetically modified crops can be engineered to resist pests and withstand harsh environmental conditions, potentially solving global food security issues. These applications demonstrate the transformative power of genetic engineering in addressing some of humanity’s most pressing challenges.
On the other hand, skeptics argue for strict control over genetic engineering experiments, citing ethical and safety concerns. One primary worry is the potential for unintended consequences when manipulating complex genetic systems, which could lead to unforeseen health risks or ecological imbalances. Moreover, there are valid concerns about the equitable access to these technologies, as advanced genetic treatments may only be available to the wealthy, exacerbating existing social inequalities. These ethical dilemmas underscore the need for careful consideration and regulation in the field of genetic engineering.
In my opinion, while the potential benefits of genetic engineering are undeniable, it is crucial to implement robust regulatory frameworks to ensure its responsible development and application. Striking a balance between scientific progress and ethical considerations is paramount. This can be achieved through transparent research practices, comprehensive risk assessments, and inclusive public dialogue to address societal concerns. By doing so, we can harness the power of genetic engineering to improve human lives while mitigating potential risks and ethical pitfalls.
In conclusion, genetic engineering presents both extraordinary opportunities and significant ethical challenges. By fostering a collaborative approach between scientists, policymakers, and the public, we can navigate this complex landscape and leverage genetic engineering’s potential for the betterment of humanity while upholding ethical standards.
(Word count: 309)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates excellent writing skills and meets the criteria for a high band score (8-9) for several reasons:
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Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and clearly stating the writer’s opinion.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of cohesive devices (e.g., “On the other hand,” “Moreover,” “In conclusion”).
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Lexical Resource: The writer uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “myriad advantages,” “stringent regulations,” “exacerbating existing social inequalities”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay showcases a variety of complex sentence structures with a high degree of accuracy.
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Development of Ideas: Each main point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.
Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7 Response
Now, let’s examine a mid-range sample essay:
Genetic engineering is a topic that has been debated a lot in recent years. Some people think it has many benefits for humans, while others believe it should be strictly controlled. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
On one hand, genetic engineering can bring many advantages. It can help cure diseases that were impossible to treat before. For example, scientists are working on ways to fix genetic problems in unborn babies. Also, in farming, genetically modified crops can grow better and produce more food. This could help solve hunger problems in many countries.
However, there are also reasons why some people want strict control over genetic engineering. They worry about the safety of these experiments. What if something goes wrong and it causes harm to people or the environment? There are also ethical concerns. Some people think it’s not right to change human genes because it’s like playing God. They fear it could lead to designer babies where parents choose their child’s traits.
In my opinion, I think genetic engineering can be very helpful, but we need to be careful about how we use it. We should have strong rules and regulations to make sure it’s safe and ethical. Scientists should work closely with ethical committees and the public to make decisions about genetic engineering research.
To conclude, genetic engineering has both good and bad sides. It’s important to find a balance between using its benefits and being careful about its risks. With proper control and open discussions, we can use genetic engineering to improve our lives without causing harm.
(Word count: 269)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates good writing skills but has some limitations that place it in the Band 6-7 range:
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Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the treatment of the topic is less comprehensive compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay has a clear structure, but the use of cohesive devices is less sophisticated (e.g., repetitive use of “Also” and “However”).
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary is adequate but less varied and precise compared to the higher band essay (e.g., “many benefits” instead of “myriad advantages”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences but with less variety and sophistication than the Band 8-9 essay.
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Development of Ideas: Ideas are relevant but less fully extended and supported compared to the higher band essay.
Key Vocabulary for Genetic Engineering Essays
Here are some important vocabulary words related to genetic engineering that you should know:
- Genome (noun) /ˈdʒiːnəʊm/ – The complete set of genetic information in an organism
- Genetically modified organism (GMO) (noun) /dʒəˈnetɪkli ˈmɒdɪfaɪd ˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ – An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques
- Gene therapy (noun) /dʒiːn ˈθerəpi/ – The treatment of genetic disorders by introducing specific engineered genes into a patient’s cells
- Bioethics (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊˈeθɪks/ – The study of the ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine
- CRISPR (noun) /ˈkrɪspər/ – A gene-editing tool that allows for precise modifications to DNA
- Transgenic (adjective) /trænzˈdʒenɪk/ – Relating to an organism that contains genetic material from another species
- Germline modification (noun) /ˈdʒɜːmlaɪn ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ – Genetic alterations that can be passed on to future generations
- Somatic gene therapy (noun) /səʊˈmætɪk dʒiːn ˈθerəpi/ – Gene therapy that targets non-reproductive cells and isn’t heritable
- Eugenics (noun) /juːˈdʒenɪks/ – The science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics
- Genetic screening (noun) /dʒəˈnetɪk ˈskriːnɪŋ/ – Testing for the presence or absence of specific genetic traits
Conclusion
Ethical concerns in genetic engineering are likely to remain a significant topic in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. To excel in this type of question, it’s crucial to understand the various perspectives, use relevant vocabulary, and structure your essay effectively. Practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- The impact of genetic engineering on food production and global hunger
- Ethical implications of human genetic modification
- The role of government in regulating genetic research
Remember, the key to improving your IELTS Writing score is consistent practice and self-reflection. Try writing your own essay on the topic provided in this article and share it in the comments section below. This active practice will help you refine your writing skills and prepare you for success in your IELTS exam.
For more insights on IELTS Writing Task 2 topics related to genetic engineering, you may find these articles helpful:
- Should Governments Regulate the Sale of Genetically Modified Foods?
- How Genetic Research is Improving Agricultural Productivity
Good luck with your IELTS preparation!