Climate change and its impact on extreme weather patterns have become increasingly prominent topics in IELTS Writing Task 2. As an experienced IELTS instructor, I’ve observed a growing trend in questions related to this subject. Let’s explore this theme through sample essays and in-depth analysis, focusing on how to achieve high band scores.
Analyzing the Topic: Extreme Weather from Climate Change
The frequency of questions about extreme weather events caused by climate change has been rising in recent IELTS exams. This trend is likely to continue, given the global significance of the issue. Based on my research of past exams and current environmental concerns, I predict that questions on this topic will appear with increasing regularity in future tests.
Let’s examine a typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question on this subject:
Some people say that governments should invest in measures to prevent damage from extreme weather conditions linked to climate change. Others argue that governments should focus on other priorities. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Breaking Down the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss the view that governments should invest in preventive measures against extreme weather.
- Explore the opposing view that governments have other priorities.
- Present and justify their own opinion on the matter.
The key challenge here is to balance the discussion of both viewpoints while clearly stating and supporting your personal stance.
Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9 Response
Here’s a high-quality sample essay that would likely score in the Band 8-9 range:
Climate change has undeniably intensified the frequency and severity of extreme weather events worldwide, prompting a debate on how governments should respond. While some advocate for substantial investments in preventive measures, others argue that alternative priorities deserve more attention. In my view, a balanced approach that prioritizes climate resilience without neglecting other crucial areas is essential.
Proponents of government investment in climate change mitigation emphasize the long-term benefits and potential cost savings. They argue that preemptive measures, such as upgrading infrastructure to withstand severe weather or implementing early warning systems, can significantly reduce the human and economic toll of natural disasters. For instance, the Netherlands’ extensive flood prevention system has proven highly effective in protecting the low-lying country from rising sea levels and storm surges, demonstrating the value of such investments.
Conversely, those who prioritize other government spending contend that immediate social and economic issues demand more urgent attention. They might point to pressing needs like healthcare, education, or poverty alleviation as areas where government funds could have a more immediate and tangible impact on citizens’ lives. This perspective often highlights the uncertainty surrounding climate predictions and questions the cost-effectiveness of large-scale preventive measures.
In my opinion, governments must strike a careful balance between addressing climate-related risks and meeting other societal needs. While it would be short-sighted to ignore the growing threat of extreme weather events, it would be equally unwise to divert all resources away from other critical areas. I believe the most effective approach involves integrating climate resilience into broader development strategies. For example, when upgrading urban infrastructure, governments can incorporate flood-resistant designs and sustainable materials, thus addressing both immediate needs and long-term climate concerns.
Furthermore, investing in green technologies and renewable energy sources can serve the dual purpose of mitigating climate change and stimulating economic growth through job creation and innovation. This approach demonstrates that climate action and other governmental priorities are not mutually exclusive but can be complementary.
In conclusion, while the debate over government priorities in the face of climate change is complex, I believe that a nuanced, integrated approach is necessary. By thoughtfully incorporating climate resilience into broader development plans, governments can address the pressing threat of extreme weather events while continuing to meet other essential societal needs. This balanced strategy offers the best path forward in an increasingly unpredictable climate future.
(Word count: 374)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates several key features that contribute to its high band score:
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Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and clearly presenting the writer’s own opinion.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of cohesive devices (e.g., “Conversely,” “Furthermore”).
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Lexical Resource: The writer uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “preemptive measures,” “climate resilience,” “cost-effectiveness”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay showcases a variety of complex sentence structures with a high degree of accuracy.
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Development of Ideas: Each point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.
Extreme weather events caused by climate change
Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7 Response
Now, let’s look at a sample essay that would likely score in the Band 6-7 range:
In recent years, extreme weather events caused by climate change have become a big problem for many countries. Some people think governments should spend money to prevent damage from these events, while others believe there are more important things to focus on. I will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who support government investment in preventing extreme weather damage have good reasons. They say that if we don’t act now, the costs in the future will be much higher. For example, building stronger houses and flood defenses can save lives and money when big storms happen. Also, having better warning systems can help people prepare and stay safe.
On the other hand, some people think governments should focus on other priorities. They argue that there are more immediate problems like healthcare, education, and creating jobs. These issues affect people’s daily lives right now, and some say we can’t be sure how bad climate change will really be in the future.
In my opinion, I think governments need to do both. We can’t ignore the threat of extreme weather, but we also can’t forget about other important things. I believe it’s possible to find a middle ground. For instance, governments could invest in green energy projects that create jobs and help the environment at the same time.
It’s also important to educate people about climate change and how to be prepared for extreme weather. This doesn’t have to cost a lot of money but can make a big difference in how communities handle these events.
To conclude, while there are different views on how governments should spend money, I think a balanced approach is best. We need to prepare for extreme weather while also taking care of other important needs in society. By doing this, we can create a safer and more sustainable future for everyone.
(Word count: 309)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates several characteristics that place it in the Band 6-7 range:
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Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the development of ideas is less sophisticated compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
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Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall structure, but the use of cohesive devices is less varied and sometimes repetitive (e.g., frequent use of “Also” and “For example”).
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is generally appropriate but less precise and varied compared to the higher band essay. There are some attempts at more advanced vocabulary (e.g., “sustainable future”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences, with generally good control of grammar. However, it lacks the sophistication and variety seen in higher band responses.
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Development of Ideas: Ideas are presented and supported, but the examples and explanations are more general and less detailed compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
Key Vocabulary for Extreme Weather and Climate Change
Here are some important vocabulary items related to the topic, which can help improve your essays:
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Mitigation (noun) /ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃn/: The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
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Resilience (noun) /rɪˈzɪliəns/: The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.
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Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/: The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
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Preemptive (adjective) /priːˈemptɪv/: Serving or intended to preempt or forestall something, especially to prevent attack by disabling the enemy.
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Sustainability (noun) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/: The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
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Adaptation (noun) /ædæpˈteɪʃn/: The action or process of adapting or being adapted to something.
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Vulnerable (adjective) /ˈvʌlnərəbl/: Exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally.
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Renewable (adjective) /rɪˈnjuːəbl/: (of a natural resource or source of energy) not depleted when used.
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Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/: The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat.
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Ecosystem (noun) /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Conclusion and Practice Suggestions
Understanding how to approach topics like “Extreme Weather From Climate Change” is crucial for success in IELTS Writing Task 2. As we’ve seen from the sample essays, the key lies in addressing all parts of the question, organizing your ideas coherently, using a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and developing your points with relevant examples.
For further practice, consider writing essays on related topics such as:
- The role of individual actions versus government policies in combating climate change.
- The economic impacts of extreme weather events on developing countries.
- The effectiveness of international agreements in addressing global climate issues.
I encourage you to write your own essay based on the question provided in this article and share it in the comments section below. This practice will help you refine your writing skills and prepare effectively for the IELTS exam.
Remember, consistent practice and thoughtful analysis of your own writing are key to improving your IELTS Writing Task 2 performance. Good luck with your preparation!
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