The IELTS writing task 1 often presents data in various forms, and understanding how to interpret and describe changes in forest areas is a common theme. This article will equip you with the essential tools to analyze and write effectively about this topic, aiming for a Band 7+ score.
Potential IELTS Writing Task 1 Questions:
- The chart below shows changes in forest area in four different countries from 2000 to 2020.
- The table illustrates the percentage of land covered by forest in selected countries, comparing data from 1990 and 2020.
- Compare and contrast the trends in forest area for two countries, using the information provided in the line graph (1980-2020).
Sample IELTS Writing Task 1 Question and Model Answer:
The table below shows the percentage change in forest area in selected regions of the world between 1990 and 2020.
| Region | 1990 Forest Area (%) | 2020 Forest Area (%) | Percentage Change (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| North America | 35% | 33% | -5.7% |
| South America | 55% | 48% | -12.7% |
| Europe | 42% | 44% | +4.8% |
| Africa | 28% | 25% | -10.7% |
| Asia | 20% | 22% | +10% |
| Oceania | 25% | 23% | -8% |
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and making comparisons where relevant.
Model Answer:
The table highlights the percentage change in forest area across various regions globally between 1990 and 2020. Overall, the changes were mixed, with some regions experiencing forest loss while others witnessed gains.
South America and Africa suffered the most significant forest decline, with decreases of 12.7% and 10.7% respectively. In contrast, Europe and Asia demonstrated positive trends, showing increases in forest area of 4.8% and 10% over the same period.
North America and Oceania both experienced a reduction in forest area, although less dramatic than in South America and Africa. North America’s forest cover shrunk by 5.7%, while Oceania saw an 8% decrease.
Word count: 100 words
Key Points for Writing About Forest Area Changes:
- Overview: Begin with an introductory sentence that summarizes the main trend shown in the data.
- Grouping Data: Identify the most significant changes and group them logically (e.g., regions with the largest increases/decreases).
- Comparisons: Make clear comparisons between different regions or time periods.
- Vocabulary: Use precise vocabulary to describe changes (e.g., decline, decrease, increase, expansion, fluctuate).
- Grammar: Pay close attention to verb tenses (past simple for past data, present perfect for trends over time).
Useful Vocabulary for Describing Forest Area Changes:
- Deforestation (n.) /ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/: The clearing of trees, transforming a forest into a non-forest area.
- Afforestation (n.)/ˌæfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/: The establishment of a forest in an area where there was no previous tree cover.
- Reforestation (n.) /ˌriːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/: The natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted.
- Forest Cover (n.) /ˈfɒrɪst ˈkʌvər/: The proportion of land area covered by forests.
- Depletion (n.) /dɪˈpliːʃən/: The reduction in the number or quantity of something.
- Shrinking (adj.) /ˈʃrɪŋkɪŋ/: Becoming smaller in size or amount.
- Expanding (adj.) /ɪkˈspændɪŋ/: Becoming larger or more extensive.
Conclusion:
Mastering the skills to effectively describe and analyze data, particularly about forest area changes, is crucial for IELTS Writing Task 1 success. By following the strategies outlined in this article, practicing with sample questions, and expanding your vocabulary, you’ll be well-prepared to achieve a Band 7+ score. Remember to focus on clarity, accuracy, and a logical presentation of information.