Automation and its impact on the workforce is a hot topic that has been appearing frequently in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on analysis of past exam questions and current trends, this theme is likely to continue being relevant in future tests. Let’s examine some sample essay questions and provide model answers to help you prepare for this important topic.
Automation changing workforce
Analyzing the Essay Question
Let’s focus on the following question that exemplifies how this topic may be presented in an actual IELTS exam:
Some people think that in the future all jobs will be done by robots. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
This question asks for your opinion on a prediction about the future of work. It requires you to consider the extent to which automation might replace human workers across all sectors. Let’s break down the key elements:
- The main topic is the future of jobs and automation
- The question type is “to what extent do you agree or disagree”
- You need to discuss whether ALL jobs will be done by robots
- Your response should include your personal opinion, supported by reasons and examples
Sample Essays
Band 8-9 Essay Sample
Automation and artificial intelligence have undoubtedly revolutionized numerous industries, leading some to predict a future where human workers become obsolete. While I acknowledge the significant impact of technology on the job market, I strongly disagree with the notion that all jobs will eventually be performed by robots. This essay will explore why certain professions are likely to resist complete automation and why human skills will remain valuable in the workforce.
Firstly, many jobs require complex emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills that are difficult, if not impossible, for machines to replicate. Professions such as psychologists, teachers, and social workers rely heavily on empathy, intuition, and the ability to build meaningful human connections. These qualities are intrinsically human and cannot be easily programmed into robots. For instance, a therapist’s ability to pick up on subtle emotional cues and provide personalized support is something that current AI technology is far from achieving.
Secondly, creative and innovative fields are likely to remain predominantly human-driven. While AI can assist in creative processes, the spark of original ideas and the ability to think outside the box are uniquely human traits. Artists, writers, musicians, and entrepreneurs will continue to play crucial roles in shaping culture and driving innovation. The unpredictable nature of creativity makes it challenging for robots to fully replace humans in these domains.
However, it is undeniable that automation will significantly transform the job market. Many routine and repetitive tasks across various industries are already being automated, leading to job displacement in certain sectors. This shift emphasizes the importance of adaptability and continuous learning for workers to remain relevant in an evolving job market.
In conclusion, while robots and AI will undoubtedly play an increasingly prominent role in the workforce, the complete replacement of human workers across all professions is highly unlikely. The future of work will likely involve a collaborative relationship between humans and machines, where technology augments human capabilities rather than entirely replacing them. As society progresses, it will be crucial to focus on developing and valuing the uniquely human skills that complement, rather than compete with, automated systems.
(Word count: 329)
Band 6-7 Essay Sample
In recent years, there has been a lot of talk about robots taking over jobs from humans. Some people think that in the future, all jobs will be done by robots. I partially agree with this statement, but I also think there will always be some jobs that only humans can do.
On one hand, it’s true that many jobs are being automated already. In factories, robots are doing a lot of the work that humans used to do. They can work faster and don’t get tired. We also see self-checkout machines in supermarkets and AI chatbots answering customer questions online. These examples show that robots can do many tasks that humans used to do.
However, I don’t think robots can do everything. Some jobs need human skills that are hard for robots to copy. For example, jobs that need creativity like artists or writers might be hard for robots to do well. Also, jobs that need emotional understanding, like therapists or teachers, are probably better done by humans. Robots might not be able to understand human feelings as well as other humans can.
Another reason why not all jobs will be done by robots is that some people might prefer human workers. For example, in restaurants, some customers might prefer to talk to a human waiter rather than order from a machine. In healthcare, patients might feel more comfortable with human doctors and nurses.
In conclusion, while robots will definitely do more jobs in the future, I don’t think they will do all jobs. There will still be a need for human skills and human interaction in many areas of work. The key for workers in the future will be to focus on skills that robots can’t easily replace.
(Word count: 284)
Band 5-6 Essay Sample
Nowadays, robots are becoming more common in many jobs. Some people think that in the future, robots will do all the jobs and humans won’t work anymore. I think this idea is partly true, but not completely.
It’s true that robots are doing more jobs now. In big factories, we can see robots making cars and other things. They work very fast and don’t need to rest. Also, in some stores, we can pay for things without talking to a human cashier. These are examples of robots doing jobs that people used to do.
But I don’t think robots can do every job. Some jobs need human feelings and thinking. For example, a robot can’t be a good teacher because it can’t understand students’ feelings. Also, jobs like being an artist or a writer need human imagination, which robots don’t have.
Another reason why robots won’t do all jobs is that some people like talking to humans more than machines. If you’re in a restaurant, you might prefer a human waiter to a robot. Or if you’re sick, you might feel better talking to a human doctor than a machine.
In conclusion, I think robots will do more jobs in the future, but not all jobs. There will still be jobs that only humans can do well. People will need to learn skills that robots can’t do to keep working in the future.
(Word count: 228)
Explanation of Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates excellent writing skills and a comprehensive understanding of the topic:
- Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a clear position with well-developed ideas and relevant examples.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout. Paragraphs are well-linked, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
- Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used accurately and appropriately, with good use of less common words and phrases.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A wide range of structures is used accurately, with only rare minor errors.
Band 6-7 Essay
This essay shows a good attempt at addressing the task with some areas for improvement:
- Task Response: The main ideas are relevant, but some aspects are not fully developed.
- Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall progression, but some paragraphs could be better linked.
- Lexical Resource: An adequate range of vocabulary is used, with some attempts at less common words.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A mix of simple and complex sentences is used, with generally good control of grammar and punctuation.
Band 5-6 Essay
This essay demonstrates a basic understanding of the task but lacks depth:
- Task Response: The essay addresses the task, but ideas are not fully developed.
- Coherence and Cohesion: There is some organization of ideas, but paragraphs are not always well-linked.
- Lexical Resource: A limited range of vocabulary is used, with some errors in word choice and spelling.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: Mostly simple sentences are used, with some errors that occasionally impede communication.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
Automation (noun) /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn/: The use of machines and computers to do work that was previously done by people.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) (noun) /ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/: The development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
Obsolete (adjective) /ˈɒbsəliːt/: No longer in use or no longer useful.
Interpersonal skills (noun) /ˌɪntəˈpɜːsnl skɪlz/: Abilities used to work and interact effectively with others.
Empathy (noun) /ˈempəθi/: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Innovation (noun) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/: The action or process of introducing new ideas, devices, or methods.
Job displacement (noun) /dʒɒb dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/: The elimination of jobs due to technological or economic changes.
Adaptability (noun) /əˌdæptəˈbɪləti/: The quality of being able to adjust to new conditions or changes.
Augment (verb) /ɔːɡˈment/: To make something greater by adding to it.
Collaborative (adjective) /kəˈlæbərətɪv/: Involving two or more parties working together.
Conclusion
The impact of automation on the workforce is a complex and evolving topic that is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare for this theme, consider practicing with variations of the question we’ve explored, such as:
- Do you think the benefits of increased automation outweigh the drawbacks?
- Some people believe that governments should provide support for workers displaced by automation. Do you agree or disagree?
- How can education systems prepare students for a future job market increasingly influenced by automation?
Remember to structure your essays clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and support your arguments with relevant examples. Practice writing your own essays on this topic and share them in the comments section below for feedback and discussion. This active approach to learning will help you improve your writing skills and prepare effectively for the IELTS exam.
To further enhance your understanding of automation’s impact on various industries, you might want to explore these related topics:
- Impact of Automation on the Retail Industry
- How Automation is Reshaping the Logistics Industry
- Impact of Automation on Developing Economies
These resources will provide additional context and examples to enrich your essays on this important topic.