Automation in manufacturing is a hot topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Based on past exam trends and current technological advancements, we can expect this theme to remain relevant in future tests. Let’s examine a sample question and provide model essays for different band scores.
Some people think that the increasing use of technology in manufacturing is beneficial to the economy, while others believe it is harmful. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires you to:
- Discuss the positive impacts of technology in manufacturing on the economy
- Discuss the negative impacts of technology in manufacturing on the economy
- Provide your own opinion on the overall impact
Remember to address all parts of the question and provide a balanced argument.
Sample Essay for Band 8-9
Technological advancements in manufacturing have sparked debates about their economic implications. While some argue that these innovations boost economic growth, others contend that they lead to job losses and economic inequality. In my opinion, the benefits of automation in manufacturing outweigh its drawbacks, ultimately contributing positively to the economy.
Proponents of automation in manufacturing highlight its potential to enhance productivity and efficiency. By streamlining production processes, companies can produce goods faster and at a lower cost, which can lead to increased profits and economic growth. Moreover, the development and maintenance of advanced manufacturing technologies create new job opportunities in fields such as robotics, software engineering, and system maintenance. These high-skilled positions often come with better salaries, potentially improving the overall standard of living.
On the other hand, critics argue that the widespread adoption of technology in manufacturing can result in significant job losses, particularly for low-skilled workers. This displacement can lead to increased unemployment rates and economic hardship for affected communities. Furthermore, the concentration of wealth in the hands of companies that can afford to invest in expensive automated systems may exacerbate income inequality, potentially slowing economic growth in the long term.
Despite these concerns, I believe that the economic benefits of technological advancements in manufacturing are more substantial. While job displacement is a valid concern, history has shown that technological progress often leads to the creation of new industries and job opportunities. For instance, the rise of e-commerce has created millions of jobs in logistics, data analysis, and customer service. Additionally, increased productivity and efficiency in manufacturing can lead to lower prices for consumers, stimulating demand and economic activity.
In conclusion, while the increasing use of technology in manufacturing presents challenges, its potential to drive innovation, increase productivity, and create new job opportunities makes it a net positive for the economy. However, it is crucial for governments and businesses to implement policies that support worker retraining and education to ensure a smooth transition and maximize the benefits of these technological advancements.
(Word count: 329)
Economic impact of automation in manufacturing
Sample Essay for Band 6-7
The use of technology in manufacturing is becoming more common, and people have different opinions about its impact on the economy. Some think it’s good, while others believe it’s harmful. In this essay, I will discuss both views and give my own opinion.
Those who support technology in manufacturing say it can help the economy grow. Machines can work faster and make more products, which means companies can sell more and make more money. Also, new jobs are created to design and fix these machines. These jobs often pay well, which can be good for the economy.
However, there are also negative effects. Many people worry that robots will replace human workers, leading to job losses. This can be especially hard for people without special skills. When people lose their jobs, they have less money to spend, which can slow down the economy. Also, only big companies can afford expensive machines, which might make them richer while smaller businesses struggle.
In my opinion, I think technology in manufacturing is mostly good for the economy. While it’s true that some jobs might be lost, new types of jobs are also created. For example, someone needs to program and maintain the robots. Also, when products are made more efficiently, they might become cheaper, which is good for consumers.
To conclude, technology in manufacturing has both positive and negative effects on the economy. I believe the benefits are greater, but it’s important for governments and companies to help workers learn new skills so they can find new jobs in this changing world.
(Word count: 269)
Sample Essay for Band 5-6
Technology is changing how things are made in factories. Some people think this is good for the economy, but others think it’s bad. I will talk about both sides and give my idea.
Good things about technology in factories:
- Machines can make more things faster
- Companies can make more money
- New jobs for people who know how to use computers and robots
Bad things about technology in factories:
- Some people might lose their jobs
- Only big companies can buy expensive machines
- Poor people might have a harder time finding work
I think technology in factories is mostly good. It helps make things cheaper for people to buy. Also, even if some jobs are lost, new jobs are made too. But I think the government should help people learn new skills so they can find different jobs.
In conclusion, technology in factories has good and bad points for the economy. I believe it’s more good than bad, but we need to be careful and help workers who might lose their jobs.
(Word count: 159)
Explanation of Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay:
- Fully addresses all parts of the task with a well-developed response
- Presents a clear position throughout the response
- Uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features
- Uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy
- Provides well-developed paragraphs with clear progression throughout
Band 6-7 Essay:
- Addresses all parts of the task, though some parts may be more fully covered than others
- Presents a relevant position, though conclusions may become unclear or repetitive
- Uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task with some errors in word choice
- Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms with some errors that do not impede communication
- Arranges information coherently with clear overall progression
Band 5-6 Essay:
- Addresses the task only partially, with limited development of ideas
- Expresses a position but development is not always clear
- Uses limited range of vocabulary with some errors that may cause difficulty for the reader
- Uses only a limited range of structures with some errors that may impede communication
- Presents information with some organization but there may be a lack of overall progression
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Automation (noun) – /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn/ – The use of machines or computers to do work that was previously done by people
- Productivity (noun) – /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ – The rate at which goods are produced or work is completed
- Efficiency (noun) – /ɪˈfɪʃnsi/ – The state or quality of being efficient, or able to accomplish something with the least waste of time and effort
- Innovation (noun) – /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ – The introduction of new ideas, methods, or things
- Displacement (noun) – /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/ – The act of moving something from its usual place or position
- Exacerbate (verb) – /ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt/ – To make a problem or bad situation worse
- Streamline (verb) – /ˈstriːmlaɪn/ – To make a system, organization, or design more effective and simpler
- Retraining (noun) – /ˌriːˈtreɪnɪŋ/ – The process of learning new skills or behaviors, especially in response to changes in one’s job or environment
Workforce retraining program for automation
Conclusion
The impact of automation on the manufacturing industry is a complex and relevant topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. As you prepare for your exam, consider practicing with similar questions such as:
- To what extent do you think governments should regulate the use of automation in industries?
- Some people believe that the benefits of industrial automation outweigh its negative effects on employment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- Discuss the potential long-term effects of increased automation on society and the economy.
Remember to structure your essay clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and provide specific examples to support your arguments. Feel free to practice writing an essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. Good luck with your IELTS preparation!