Climate change and its impact on global sea levels is an increasingly prevalent topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. This subject has appeared frequently in recent years and is likely to continue as a significant theme due to its global relevance. Based on analysis of past IELTS exams, we’ve identified a highly probable question for future tests:
Some people believe that rising sea levels due to climate change will have catastrophic effects on coastal communities. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?
Let’s explore this question in depth and provide sample essays for different band scores.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to express their opinion on the potential impact of rising sea levels on coastal communities. Key points to consider:
- The cause: Climate change leading to rising sea levels
- The effect: Potential catastrophic impacts on coastal communities
- The task: Agree or disagree with this view, explaining your stance
Candidates should clearly state their position and provide well-supported arguments using relevant examples and personal knowledge.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Climate change is undeniably one of the most pressing issues of our time, with its far-reaching consequences affecting various aspects of our planet. I strongly agree that rising sea levels, a direct result of global warming, pose a severe threat to coastal communities worldwide. This essay will explore the potential catastrophic effects and why immediate action is crucial.
Firstly, rising sea levels present an existential threat to many coastal areas. As oceans encroach upon land, low-lying regions face the risk of complete submersion. For instance, the Maldives, an island nation in the Indian Ocean, could become uninhabitable within decades due to rising waters. This would result in the displacement of entire populations, creating climate refugees and putting immense pressure on inland areas to accommodate these displaced communities.
Secondly, the economic impact on coastal communities cannot be overstated. Many of these areas rely heavily on tourism, fishing, and port activities for their livelihoods. Rising sea levels could devastate these industries, leading to widespread unemployment and economic collapse. For example, Venice, Italy, a city renowned for its canals and historical architecture, faces increasingly frequent flooding, which not only damages infrastructure but also deters tourists, threatening the city’s primary source of income.
Moreover, the environmental consequences of rising sea levels are equally alarming. Saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers can contaminate drinking water sources and damage agricultural land, jeopardizing food security in coastal regions. The destruction of coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests and coral reefs, which act as natural barriers against storms and provide habitats for diverse marine life, further exacerbates the vulnerability of these areas to extreme weather events.
How climate change affects water scarcity and access is another critical aspect to consider. As sea levels rise, the risk of saltwater contaminating freshwater sources increases, potentially leading to severe water shortages in coastal areas.
While some argue that technological advancements and adaptation strategies can mitigate these effects, the scale and rapidity of sea-level rise may outpace our ability to implement effective solutions. The construction of sea walls and other protective infrastructure is costly and may not be feasible for many developing countries, which are often the most vulnerable to climate change impacts.
In conclusion, the potential catastrophic effects of rising sea levels on coastal communities are indeed a grave concern. From the loss of habitable land and economic devastation to environmental degradation and threats to water security, the consequences are far-reaching and severe. It is imperative that global efforts to combat climate change are intensified, and coastal communities are supported in developing resilience and adaptation strategies. Only through collective action can we hope to mitigate the worst effects of this looming crisis.
Rising sea levels threatening coastal communities
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
I agree that rising sea levels caused by climate change will have very bad effects on coastal communities. This is a big problem that needs attention from everyone.
First, rising sea levels can cause flooding in coastal areas. This means many people might lose their homes and have to move to other places. For example, in Bangladesh, many people live near the coast and are already facing problems because of higher water levels. If the sea keeps rising, these people will have nowhere to go.
Also, rising sea levels can hurt the economy of coastal areas. Many of these places depend on fishing and tourism to make money. If the sea rises too much, it can damage fishing areas and beaches. This means fewer jobs for local people and less money coming into these communities. For instance, small islands that rely on tourism might see fewer visitors if their beaches start disappearing under the water.
The impact of climate change on coastal areas goes beyond just rising sea levels. It also affects the environment in many ways. Salt water can get into fresh water supplies, making it hard for people to find clean drinking water. This is a serious health risk for coastal communities.
However, some people think we can solve this problem with new technology. They say we can build walls to keep the water out or find ways to live with higher sea levels. While these ideas might help, they cost a lot of money and might not work everywhere.
In conclusion, I strongly agree that rising sea levels will cause big problems for coastal communities. It can lead to people losing their homes, damage to local economies, and environmental problems. We need to take action now to slow down climate change and help coastal areas prepare for the future.
Coastal community adapting to rising sea levels
Sample Essay 3 (Band 5-6)
I think rising sea levels because of climate change will be very bad for people living near the sea. This is a big problem that many countries are worried about.
First, when the sea level goes up, it can flood places where people live. This means people might have to leave their homes and go somewhere else. This is very sad and can make life difficult for many families.
Second, rising sea levels can hurt businesses in coastal areas. Many of these places make money from fishing and tourism. If the sea rises too much, it can damage these businesses. This means people might lose their jobs and have less money.
How climate change is increasing the severity of storms is also connected to rising sea levels. When storms are stronger and sea levels are higher, it can cause more damage to coastal areas.
Also, when sea levels rise, it can be bad for the environment. Salt water can get into fresh water, making it hard for people to find clean water to drink. This is not good for people’s health.
Some people think we can fix this problem with new ideas and technology. They say we can build walls to keep the water out. But these things cost a lot of money and might not work everywhere.
In conclusion, I agree that rising sea levels will cause big problems for people living near the coast. It can make people lose their homes, hurt businesses, and cause environmental problems. We need to do something about climate change now to help these communities.
Vocabulary to Remember
Catastrophic (adjective) /ˌkæt.əˈstrɒf.ɪk/: Causing sudden and great damage or suffering
Encroach (verb) /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/: To gradually take away someone’s rights or to intrude on their property
Submersion (noun) /səbˈmɜː.ʃən/: The act of covering completely with water
Intrusion (noun) /ɪnˈtruː.ʒən/: The act of entering a place where you are not wanted
Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/: To make something less harmful, serious, or painful
Resilience (noun) /rɪˈzɪl.i.əns/: The ability to recover quickly from difficulties
Exacerbate (verb) /ɪɡˈzæs.ə.beɪt/: To make a bad situation even worse
Adaptation (noun) /ˌæd.əpˈteɪ.ʃən/: The process of changing to suit different conditions
Vulnerability (noun) /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/: The quality of being easily hurt or attacked
Imperative (adjective) /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/: Extremely important or urgent
Conclusion
Rising sea levels due to climate change is a critical topic that IELTS candidates should be prepared to address. The sample essays provided demonstrate different approaches and levels of proficiency in tackling this subject. To improve your writing skills, practice composing essays on similar topics such as:
- The economic impact of climate change on coastal tourism
- Government responsibility in protecting coastal communities from rising sea levels
- The effectiveness of current measures to combat sea level rise
Remember to structure your essay clearly, use relevant examples, and showcase a range of vocabulary. We encourage you to practice writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active practice is an excellent way to enhance your IELTS Writing Task 2 skills and prepare for the exam.