Automation and its effects on employment opportunities in developing nations has become an increasingly common topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this theme appears frequently in various forms, particularly when discussing technological advancement and economic development. Let’s examine some sample essays addressing this crucial contemporary issue.
How technology affects traditional job markets has become a central concern for many developing economies. Let’s analyze a recent IELTS task 2 question on this topic.
Question Analysis
Some people believe that the increasing automation of work will lead to significant job losses in developing countries. Others argue it creates new opportunities. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss both positive and negative impacts of automation
- Consider specifically developing countries’ context
- Provide a clear personal stance
- Support arguments with relevant examples
The impact of automation on employment in developing nations shown in modern factory setting
Band 8 Sample Essay
The growing prevalence of automation in developing nations has sparked intense debate about its impact on employment opportunities. While some argue that it threatens traditional jobs, others maintain that it creates new possibilities for economic growth. In my view, while automation poses initial challenges, its long-term benefits outweigh the drawbacks.
Those who fear automation’s impact have valid concerns about immediate job displacement. Manufacturing sectors, which traditionally employ large numbers of workers in developing countries, are particularly vulnerable to automation. For instance, in countries like Vietnam and Bangladesh, where textile manufacturing employs millions, the introduction of automated production lines could potentially eliminate numerous manual jobs. Similarly, clerical and administrative positions face significant risks as software and artificial intelligence systems become more sophisticated.
However, automation also generates new employment opportunities and economic benefits. The implementation of automated systems creates demand for technicians, programmers, and maintenance specialists – roles that often offer higher wages and better working conditions than traditional manufacturing jobs. Furthermore, increased productivity through automation can make developing nations more competitive in the global market, attracting foreign investment and creating additional employment opportunities across various sectors.
How to protect jobs during economic restructuring becomes crucial as developing nations face this technological transition. The key lies in proactive adaptation through education and skills development. Many developing countries are already establishing technical training programs and updating their educational curricula to prepare workers for automation-era jobs.
In my opinion, while the transition period may be challenging, automation ultimately benefits developing economies by driving innovation and creating more sustainable, skilled employment opportunities. The key is to manage this transition effectively through proper planning and support systems.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Nowadays, many people worry about how machines and computers affect jobs in poor countries. Some think it’s bad because workers lose their jobs, but others say it helps create new ones. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
On the negative side, automation can take away many jobs from workers. When factories use robots, they don’t need as many people to work there. For example, in my country, many factory workers are worried because machines are doing their jobs now. Also, some office jobs are disappearing because computers can do the work faster.
However, there are also good things about automation. First, it helps companies make more money, which they can use to hire people for different jobs. Second, globalization’s effect on jobs shows that when countries use more technology, they can compete better with other countries. This means more foreign companies might want to do business there.
I think automation is generally good for developing countries, but governments need to help workers learn new skills. If people can learn to work with computers and machines, they can get better jobs. Also, automation can help countries grow faster and become richer.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8 Essay Features:
- Sophisticated vocabulary: “prevalence,” “implementation,” “proactive adaptation”
- Complex sentence structures
- Clear organization and cohesion
- Well-developed arguments with specific examples
- Appropriate academic tone
Band 6.5 Essay Features:
- Simpler vocabulary and structures
- Basic but clear organization
- Limited development of ideas
- Some repetition
- More personal tone
Key Vocabulary
- Automation (n) /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn/ – the use of machines and computers to do work that was previously done by humans
- Implementation (n) /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃn/ – the process of putting a plan or system into operation
- Displacement (n) /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/ – the act of forcing something out of its usual place
- Proactive (adj) /prəʊˈæktɪv/ – acting before a situation becomes a source of confrontation
- Transition (n) /trænˈzɪʃn/ – the process of changing from one state or condition to another
Consider practicing with similar topics such as:
- The role of artificial intelligence in future employment
- Technology’s impact on traditional industries
- Skills needed for future job markets
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and improvement suggestions.
