The topic of global tourism’s impact on local economies is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. Based on past exam trends and the growing significance of tourism in the global economy, it’s highly likely that this subject will continue to appear in future tests. Let’s examine a relevant question that has been featured in recent IELTS exams:
Some people think that the increasing number of tourists visiting other countries has a negative impact on those countries. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
This question directly addresses the effects of global tourism on host countries, making it an excellent example to explore the topic of how global tourism impacts local economies.
Analysis of the Question
The question asks for your opinion on whether the growth in international tourism has negative consequences for the destination countries. To answer this effectively, you should:
- Clearly state your position (agree, disagree, or partially agree)
- Provide reasons and examples to support your viewpoint
- Consider both positive and negative impacts of tourism
- Discuss economic, social, and environmental aspects
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores, starting with a Band 8 example.
Band 8 Sample Essay
While the surge in global tourism has undoubtedly brought significant economic benefits to many countries, I partially agree that it can also have negative impacts on host nations. This essay will explore both the positive and negative consequences of increased international travel.
On the one hand, the influx of tourists can be a boon for local economies. Tourism often creates numerous job opportunities in various sectors such as hospitality, transportation, and retail. For instance, in countries like Thailand and Indonesia, the tourism industry has become a major source of employment and income for locals. Additionally, foreign visitors bring in valuable foreign exchange, which can help boost a country’s overall economic growth and development.
However, the negative impacts of mass tourism cannot be overlooked. One of the most pressing concerns is the strain on local infrastructure and resources. Popular tourist destinations often struggle to cope with the increased demand for water, electricity, and waste management services. This can lead to environmental degradation and a reduced quality of life for residents. Moreover, the tourism industry can make local economies overly dependent on this sector, leaving them vulnerable to global economic fluctuations or changes in travel trends.
Furthermore, the influx of tourists can lead to cultural erosion in some destinations. As local communities adapt to cater to foreign visitors, there is a risk of losing traditional ways of life and authentic cultural experiences. This phenomenon, often referred to as “tourism gentrification,” can alter the very essence of what made a destination attractive in the first place.
In conclusion, while global tourism undoubtedly brings economic benefits, it is crucial to acknowledge and address its potential negative impacts. Governments and local authorities should implement sustainable tourism practices that balance economic gains with environmental protection and cultural preservation. By doing so, countries can harness the positive aspects of tourism while mitigating its drawbacks.
(Word count: 298)
Explanation of Band 8 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a Band 8 response:
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Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a clear position with a balanced discussion of both positive and negative impacts.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear progression throughout. It uses a variety of cohesive devices effectively (e.g., “On the one hand,” “However,” “Moreover”).
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is sophisticated and precise (e.g., “boon,” “influx,” “cultural erosion,” “tourism gentrification”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay displays a wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and appropriately.
Now, let’s examine a Band 6.5 sample essay on the same topic.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
In recent years, the number of tourists traveling to foreign countries has increased significantly. While some people believe this trend has negative effects on host countries, I partially agree with this view. This essay will discuss both the positive and negative impacts of increased tourism.
One of the main benefits of tourism is its contribution to the local economy. When tourists visit a country, they spend money on accommodation, food, and souvenirs. This creates jobs for local people and brings in foreign currency. For example, in many small island nations, tourism is the main source of income for the population. Without it, these countries might struggle economically.
However, there are also some negative impacts of tourism on host countries. Firstly, popular tourist destinations can become overcrowded, leading to problems with traffic and pollution. This can be unpleasant for both locals and visitors. Secondly, the increase in tourists can cause prices to rise, making it difficult for local people to afford housing and basic goods.
Another issue is the effect on local culture. As more tourists visit, some destinations may lose their traditional character. Local customs and ways of life might change to cater to foreign visitors, which can lead to a loss of cultural identity.
In conclusion, while tourism brings economic benefits to host countries, it also has some negative consequences. I believe it’s important for governments to manage tourism carefully to maximize its benefits while minimizing its drawbacks. This could include setting limits on visitor numbers and promoting sustainable tourism practices.
(Word count: 253)
Explanation of Band 6.5 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a Band 6.5 response:
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Task Response: The essay addresses the task and presents a clear position, but the discussion of negative impacts could be more fully developed.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized, but the use of cohesive devices is less sophisticated compared to the Band 8 essay.
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary is appropriate but less varied and precise compared to higher band scores.
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences but with less variety than a Band 7 or 8 essay.
How globalization affects cultural preservation in developing countries is closely related to the impact of global tourism on local economies and cultures. As we’ve seen in both sample essays, the influx of international visitors can lead to significant changes in local traditions and ways of life.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Influx (noun) – /ˈɪnflʌks/ – A large number of people or things arriving at the same time
- Boon (noun) – /buːn/ – A thing that is helpful or beneficial
- Infrastructure (noun) – /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for society to function
- Gentrification (noun) – /ˌdʒentrɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ – The process of changing the character of a neighborhood through the influx of more affluent residents and businesses
- Sustainable (adjective) – /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level
- Cultural erosion (noun phrase) – The gradual loss or destruction of cultural characteristics
- Foreign exchange (noun) – /ˈfɒrɪn ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ – The currency of other countries
- Overcrowded (adjective) – /ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd/ – Filled with too many people or things
Conclusion
The impact of global tourism on local economies is a complex and multifaceted topic that is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. The influence of global brands on local cultures is another related aspect that you might encounter in future exams. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on various aspects of tourism, including its economic, cultural, and environmental impacts.
For additional practice, try writing an essay on one of these potential future topics:
- Some argue that countries should limit the number of tourists to protect their environment and culture. Do you agree or disagree?
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of developing tourism in rural areas.
- To what extent do you think local governments should prioritize tourism development over other industries?
Remember to post your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active engagement will help you improve your writing skills and prepare more effectively for the IELTS Writing Task 2.