Globalization’s effect on local economies is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. This topic has appeared frequently in past exams and is likely to continue being a popular choice due to its relevance in today’s interconnected world. Based on our analysis of previous IELTS exams, we’ve identified a highly probable question that aligns with this theme:
Some people think that globalization has negative effects on local economies. Others believe it is beneficial. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss the negative effects of globalization on local economies
- Discuss the positive effects of globalization on local economies
- Provide their own opinion on the matter
It’s crucial to address all parts of the question to achieve a high band score. Let’s explore sample essays for different band scores, starting with a Band 8 essay.
Band 8 Sample Essay
Globalization has become an integral part of our modern world, profoundly impacting local economies in various ways. While some argue that this phenomenon brings detrimental effects, others believe it offers significant benefits. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Critics of globalization argue that it can harm local economies in several ways. Firstly, the influx of multinational corporations often leads to the closure of small, local businesses that cannot compete with these global giants. This results in job losses and a decrease in local entrepreneurship. Secondly, globalization can lead to the exploitation of local resources and labor, with profits often being repatriated to foreign countries rather than reinvested in the local economy. Lastly, it can erode cultural identity and traditional economic practices, as global trends and products homogenize local markets.
On the other hand, proponents of globalization highlight its numerous benefits for local economies. One significant advantage is increased access to global markets, allowing local businesses to expand their customer base and potentially increase profits. Additionally, foreign investment can bring new technologies and skills to local economies, fostering innovation and productivity growth. Globalization also tends to lower prices for consumers through increased competition and efficiency, potentially improving living standards. Furthermore, it can create new job opportunities in sectors catering to global markets or supporting international businesses.
In my opinion, while globalization does present challenges to local economies, its benefits outweigh the drawbacks when managed effectively. The key lies in implementing policies that protect local interests while harnessing the advantages of global integration. For instance, governments can provide support and training to help local businesses adapt to global competition, while also ensuring that foreign investments contribute to local development through job creation and skills transfer. Moreover, promoting local cultural products and practices on the global stage can turn potential threats to cultural identity into economic opportunities.
In conclusion, globalization’s impact on local economies is complex and multifaceted. While it poses certain risks, it also offers significant opportunities for growth and development. The challenge for policymakers and local communities is to navigate this global landscape in a way that maximizes benefits while mitigating potential negative effects.
(Word count: 356)
Explanation of Band 8 Score
This essay achieves a Band 8 score for several reasons:
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Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both negative and positive views and providing a clear personal opinion.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of cohesive devices (“Firstly,” “Secondly,” “On the other hand,” “In conclusion”).
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Lexical Resource: It demonstrates a wide range of vocabulary used accurately and appropriately (“profoundly impacting,” “detrimental effects,” “repatriated,” “homogenize”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a variety of complex structures accurately (“While some argue,” “Critics of globalization argue that,” “The key lies in implementing policies that”).
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Development of Ideas: Each main point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.
Band 6-7 Sample Essay
Globalization has become a major topic of discussion in recent years, especially regarding its effects on local economies. Some people think it has negative impacts, while others believe it brings benefits. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who criticize globalization say it can harm local economies. One reason is that big international companies can take business away from small local shops. This can lead to job losses and less money in the local community. Another problem is that globalization might cause local traditions and products to disappear as global brands become more popular.
However, there are also positive effects of globalization on local economies. It can create new job opportunities, especially in industries that deal with international trade. Local businesses can also benefit from access to new markets and technologies. Additionally, consumers often get cheaper products due to increased competition.
In my view, globalization has both advantages and disadvantages for local economies. While it’s true that some local businesses may struggle, others can grow and succeed in the global market. I think the key is to find a balance between embracing global opportunities and protecting local interests. Governments should support local businesses to help them compete internationally while also encouraging foreign investment that benefits the local community.
To conclude, globalization affects local economies in both positive and negative ways. It’s important for communities and policymakers to work together to maximize the benefits and minimize the drawbacks of this global trend.
(Word count: 253)
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay falls within the Band 6-7 range for the following reasons:
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Task Achievement: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the ideas are less fully developed compared to the Band 8 essay.
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Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall structure, but the use of cohesive devices is less sophisticated (“One reason,” “Another problem,” “However”).
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary is appropriate but less varied and precise compared to the Band 8 essay (“major topic,” “big international companies,” “new job opportunities”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences but with less variety than the Band 8 essay.
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Development of Ideas: Main points are supported, but the examples and explanations are less detailed and nuanced.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
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Globalization (noun) – /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
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Local economy (noun phrase) – /ˈləʊkəl ɪˈkɒnəmi/ – The economic system of a local area, including its industries, businesses, and workforce.
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Multinational corporation (noun) – /mʌltɪˈnæʃənl kɔːpəˈreɪʃn/ – A company that operates in multiple countries.
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Entrepreneurship (noun) – /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp/ – The activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
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Repatriate (verb) – /riːˈpætrieɪt/ – To send money back to one’s own country.
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Homogenize (verb) – /həˈmɒdʒənaɪz/ – To make uniform or similar.
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Innovation (noun) – /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ – The action or process of innovating; a new method, idea, product, etc.
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Cultural identity (noun phrase) – /ˈkʌltʃərəl aɪˈdentəti/ – The identity of a group or culture, or of an individual as far as one is influenced by one’s belonging to a group or culture.
Conclusion
The topic of globalization’s impact on local economies is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:
- The role of government in protecting local businesses in a globalized economy
- The impact of e-commerce on local retail businesses
- The effects of global tourism on local economies and cultures
Remember to always analyze the question carefully, plan your essay structure, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures appropriate to your target band score. Practice writing your own essay on this topic and feel free to share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion.
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