Globalization and its impact on economic inequality is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. This topic has appeared frequently in past exams and is likely to continue being a popular subject due to its relevance in today’s interconnected world. To help you prepare for this potential essay question, we’ll analyze a common prompt and provide sample essays for different band scores.
Analyzing the Essay Prompt
Let’s examine a typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question on this topic:
Some people believe that globalization is increasing economic inequality between rich and poor countries. Others argue that it is helping to reduce the gap. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This prompt requires you to:
- Discuss how globalization might increase economic inequality
- Explain how globalization could help reduce economic inequality
- Provide your personal opinion on the issue
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay for Band 8-9
Globalization, the process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence of world economies, has been a subject of intense debate regarding its impact on economic inequality. While some argue that it exacerbates the wealth gap between rich and poor nations, others contend that it serves as a catalyst for reducing economic disparities. This essay will examine both perspectives before offering a personal viewpoint.
Proponents of the view that globalization increases inequality argue that it disproportionately benefits developed nations. Multinational corporations, often based in wealthy countries, can exploit cheaper labor and resources in developing nations, leading to a concentration of wealth in the hands of a few. Moreover, the ability of rich countries to invest in advanced technologies and education creates a “knowledge gap,” further widening the economic divide.
Conversely, those who believe globalization reduces inequality point to the opportunities it creates for developing countries. Access to global markets allows these nations to attract foreign investment, create jobs, and boost economic growth. Additionally, the transfer of technology and knowledge can help poorer countries modernize their industries and improve productivity. Countries like China and India have experienced significant economic growth and poverty reduction partly due to their integration into the global economy.
In my opinion, while globalization has the potential to reduce economic inequality, its current implementation often favors developed nations. To truly bridge the gap, a more equitable approach to global trade and development is necessary. This could include fairer trade agreements, increased technology transfer, and support for education and infrastructure in developing countries. Without these measures, globalization risks perpetuating and even exacerbating existing economic disparities.
In conclusion, globalization’s impact on economic inequality is complex and multifaceted. While it has the potential to both widen and narrow the gap between rich and poor nations, the ultimate outcome depends on how it is managed and implemented. A more balanced and inclusive approach to globalization is essential to ensure that its benefits are shared more equitably across the global community.
(Word count: 309)
Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates several key features of a high-scoring IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
- Clear structure: The essay has a clear introduction, two body paragraphs discussing both views, a paragraph for personal opinion, and a conclusion.
- Balanced argument: It presents both sides of the debate fairly before offering a nuanced personal opinion.
- Cohesive devices: Phrases like “Conversely” and “Moreover” help link ideas smoothly.
- Vocabulary: Advanced terms like “exacerbates,” “disproportionately,” and “multifaceted” showcase a wide vocabulary range.
- Grammar: Complex sentence structures and accurate use of tenses demonstrate grammatical range and accuracy.
- Task response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the prompt, including both views and a personal opinion.
Sample Essay for Band 6-7
Globalization is a topic that many people have different opinions about. Some think it makes rich countries richer and poor countries poorer, while others believe it helps poor countries catch up. This essay will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
On one hand, globalization can increase the gap between rich and poor countries. Big companies from rich countries often go to poor countries to use cheap labor. This means they make a lot of money, but the workers in poor countries don’t get paid much. Also, rich countries have better technology and education, which helps them stay ahead.
On the other hand, globalization can also help poor countries. When poor countries can sell their products to other countries, they can make more money. Foreign companies also bring new jobs and technology to poor countries. For example, some countries in Asia have become richer because of globalization.
In my opinion, globalization can be good or bad depending on how it’s done. I think it’s important to make sure that poor countries get a fair deal in global trade. Rich countries should help poor countries improve their education and technology. If this happens, globalization can help reduce the gap between rich and poor.
To conclude, globalization affects different countries in different ways. While it can make some countries richer, it can also leave others behind. The key is to find ways to make globalization work for everyone, not just rich countries.
(Word count: 253)
Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates features typical of a Band 6-7 response:
- Structure: The essay has a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
- Task response: It addresses both views and includes a personal opinion.
- Cohesion: There’s some use of linking words, though not as sophisticated as in the Band 8-9 essay.
- Vocabulary: The vocabulary is adequate but less varied and precise than in higher band scores.
- Grammar: Sentence structures are generally accurate but less complex than in the Band 8-9 essay.
- Development: Ideas are presented clearly but with less depth and nuance than in higher-scoring essays.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Globalization (noun) /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale
- Economic inequality (noun phrase) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti/ – the unequal distribution of income and opportunity between different groups in society
- Exacerbate (verb) /ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt/ – to make a problem or bad situation worse
- Disproportionately (adverb) /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃənətli/ – to a degree that is too large or too small in comparison with something else
- Multifaceted (adjective) /ˌmʌltiˈfæsɪtɪd/ – having many different aspects or features
- Interdependence (noun) /ˌɪntədɪˈpendəns/ – the dependence of two or more people or things on each other
- Catalyst (noun) /ˈkætəlɪst/ – a person or thing that precipitates an event or change
- Perpetuate (verb) /pəˈpetʃueɪt/ – to make something continue indefinitely
- Equitable (adjective) /ˈekwɪtəbl/ – fair and impartial
- Multinational (adjective) /ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl/ – operating in several countries
Conclusion
The topic of globalization and economic inequality is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related subjects such as:
- The role of international organizations in addressing global inequality
- The impact of technology on economic disparities between nations
- The effectiveness of foreign aid in reducing global poverty
Remember to analyze the prompt carefully, structure your essay logically, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. We encourage you to practice writing an essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active practice is one of the most effective ways to improve your IELTS Writing skills.
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