Mastering IELTS Writing Task 2: Sample Essays on How Inflation Affects Purchasing Power

Inflation and its impact on purchasing power is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. This topic has appeared in various forms over the years, making it crucial for test-takers to be well-prepared. Based on past trends and current economic discussions, we can expect this subject to remain relevant in future IELTS exams.

Let’s examine a sample question that closely resembles those seen in recent IELTS tests:

Some people think that inflation has a negative impact on people’s lives, while others believe it can be beneficial. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Analyzing the Question

This question requires candidates to:

1. Discuss the negative impacts of inflation on people’s lives
2. Explore potential benefits of inflation
3. Provide a personal opinion on the overall impact of inflation

It’s crucial to address all parts of the question to achieve a high band score. Let’s look at sample essays for different band scores, starting with a high-scoring response.

Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)

Inflation, the gradual increase in prices over time, is a complex economic phenomenon that elicits diverse opinions. While some argue that it predominantly harms people’s standard of living, others contend that it can bring certain advantages to the economy. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.

Those who view inflation negatively often highlight its detrimental effects on purchasing power. As prices rise, the value of money diminishes, making it harder for individuals to afford goods and services. This can be particularly challenging for those on fixed incomes, such as pensioners, who may struggle to maintain their quality of life. Moreover, inflation can erode savings, discouraging long-term financial planning and potentially leading to economic instability.

On the other hand, proponents of inflation argue that it can stimulate economic growth. A moderate level of inflation can encourage spending and investment, as people are motivated to use their money before it loses value. This increased economic activity can lead to job creation and higher wages. Furthermore, inflation can benefit debtors, including homeowners with mortgages, as the real value of their debt decreases over time.

In my opinion, while inflation can have some positive effects when carefully managed, its negative impacts often outweigh the benefits for the average person. The uncertainty and financial stress caused by rapidly rising prices can significantly impact quality of life, especially for lower-income individuals and families. Therefore, I believe that maintaining low and stable inflation rates should be a priority for policymakers to ensure economic stability and protect citizens’ purchasing power.

In conclusion, inflation is a double-edged sword that affects different segments of society in various ways. While it may offer some economic advantages, its potential to diminish living standards for many cannot be overlooked. Striking a balance between economic growth and price stability remains a crucial challenge for governments worldwide.

How Inflation Affects Purchasing Power

Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)

Inflation is a topic that many people have different opinions about. Some think it’s bad for people’s lives, while others see some good points. I will talk about both sides and give my thoughts.

People who don’t like inflation say it makes life harder. When prices go up, our money doesn’t buy as much as before. This is tough for people who don’t have a lot of money or those with fixed incomes like retired people. It also means that the money we save becomes worth less over time, which can be discouraging.

However, some people think inflation can be good. They say it can help the economy grow because it makes people spend money instead of saving it. This can lead to more jobs and higher wages. Also, for people who have loans, inflation can be helpful because the amount they owe becomes less important over time.

In my opinion, I think inflation is mostly bad for people. Even though it might help some parts of the economy, it makes life harder for many people. It’s stressful when prices keep going up, especially for things we need every day like food and housing. I believe it’s important for the government to try to keep inflation low so that people’s money keeps its value.

To sum up, inflation has both good and bad effects, but I think the negative impacts are stronger for most people. It’s a difficult problem that affects everyone, and finding the right balance is a big challenge for countries.

Sample Essay 3 (Band 5-6)

Inflation is when prices go up over time. Some people think it’s bad, and some think it’s good. I will talk about both sides.

Bad things about inflation:

• Things cost more money
• People can’t buy as much with their money
• Saving money is hard because it loses value

Good things about inflation:

• It can make the economy grow
• People might get more jobs
• It can be good for people who have loans

I think inflation is mostly bad. It makes life hard for many people, especially poor people. When food and houses cost more, it’s very difficult. I think the government should try to keep prices from going up too much.

In conclusion, inflation has good and bad points. But I think it’s more bad than good for most people. It’s a big problem that countries need to be careful about.

Explanation of Band Scores

Band 8-9 Essay:

• Fully addresses all parts of the task with a well-developed response
• Presents a clear position throughout the essay
• Uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control
• Demonstrates a wide range of grammatical structures with full flexibility and accuracy
• Ideas are coherently organized with clear progression throughout

Band 6-7 Essay:

• Addresses all parts of the task, though some parts may be more fully covered than others
• Presents a relevant position, though the conclusions may become unclear at times
• Uses an adequate range of vocabulary with some errors in word choice
• Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms with some errors
• Information and ideas are generally well organized, though there may be a lack of overall progression

Band 5-6 Essay:

• Addresses the task only partially, with limited development of ideas
• Expresses a position but it may not be clear throughout the essay
• Uses a limited range of vocabulary, adequate for simple ideas but inadequate for more complex concepts
• Uses mainly simple sentences with limited accuracy in more complex structures
• Presents information with some organization but there may be a lack of overall progression

Key Vocabulary to Remember

1. Inflation (noun) – /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ – A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
2. Purchasing power (noun phrase) – /ˈpɜːrtʃəsɪŋ ˌpaʊər/ – The ability to buy goods and services
3. Erode (verb) – /ɪˈroʊd/ – To gradually destroy or diminish
4. Stimulate (verb) – /ˈstɪmjəleɪt/ – To encourage or spur on
5. Proponent (noun) – /prəˈpoʊnənt/ – A person who advocates for something
6. Detrimental (adjective) – /ˌdetrɪˈmentl/ – Causing harm or damage
7. Economic stability (noun phrase) – /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪk stəˈbɪləti/ – A state of steady economic growth without severe fluctuations
8. Fixed income (noun phrase) – /fɪkst ˈɪnkʌm/ – An income that does not vary with economic conditions

Key economic terms related to inflation

Conclusion

Understanding how inflation affects purchasing power is crucial for success in IELTS Writing Task 2. The sample essays provided demonstrate different levels of performance, highlighting the importance of addressing all aspects of the question, using a wide range of vocabulary, and organizing ideas coherently.

For further practice, consider writing essays on related topics such as:

• The role of central banks in controlling inflation
• The impact of inflation on different socioeconomic groups
• Strategies for individuals to protect their savings from inflation

We encourage you to practice writing your own essay on the given topic and share it in the comments section below. This active engagement will help you improve your writing skills and prepare effectively for the IELTS exam.

To deepen your understanding of inflation and its economic impacts, you may find these related articles helpful:

• The Impact of Inflation on Corporate Profits
• Effects of Inflation on Income Distribution
• Effects of Inflation on Savings Behavior

Remember, consistent practice and exposure to various perspectives on economic topics will enhance your ability to tackle similar questions in the IELTS Writing Task 2.