The IELTS Reading section is designed to test a range of reading skills, including how well you read for general sense, detail, comprehending inferences and implied meaning, recognising a writer’s opinions, attitudes and purpose, and following the development of an argument. One of the trending topics that often surface in IELTS Reading texts is the role of AI in enhancing climate change mitigation. Given the current global focus on climate change, this topic has appeared frequently and is likely to continue appearing in future tests.

Why the topic “How Is AI Being Used To Enhance Climate Change Mitigation?”? This topic is timely, relevant, and offers a wealth of vocabulary and complex grammatical structures, making it a prime candidate for practicing IELTS Reading. Analyzing such texts also prepares you for real-world applications—understanding how emerging technologies can tackle pressing global issues.

Practice Test

Reading Passage: Medium Text

Title: The Role of AI in Enhancing Climate Change Mitigation

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly evolving and proving to be a significant player in the fight against climate change. By leveraging vast amounts of data and sophisticated algorithms, AI systems can identify patterns and solutions that would be challenging or even impossible for humans to discern.

One of the most impactful applications of AI in climate change mitigation is in the realm of energy efficiency. AI can optimize energy use in buildings, transportation, and industry, resulting in significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. For example, smart grids, powered by AI, ensure that electricity supply matches demand in the most efficient way possible, thereby minimizing waste.

Furthermore, AI is instrumental in monitoring and predicting natural disasters. Advanced AI models can analyze weather patterns, ocean currents, and other environmental indicators to provide early warnings about extreme weather events. This capability not only helps in timely evacuations but also in planning and resource allocation, ultimately saving lives and reducing economic loss.

In agriculture, AI-driven precision farming techniques are revolutionizing how crops are grown. Sensors and drones collect data on soil conditions, crop health, and weather, which AI algorithms then analyze to recommend optimal farming practices. This approach enhances crop yield and reduces the need for harmful pesticides and fertilizers.

Additionally, AI is being employed to analyze satellite images to monitor deforestation and land degradation. By detecting illegal logging activities and other environmentally harmful practices in near real-time, authorities can take swift action to curb such activities.

While the advantages of AI are compelling, it is crucial to acknowledge the challenges and ethical considerations associated with its deployment. Concerns about data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the environmental impact of AI infrastructure itself must be addressed to ensure that AI contributes positively to climate change mitigation efforts.

Questions

Multiple Choice

1. According to the passage, which sector benefits significantly from AI in terms of energy efficiency?
   a. Agriculture
   b. Manufacturing
   c. Building
   d. Transportation

2. What is one way AI helps in natural disaster management?
   a. By creating new evacuation routes
   b. By providing early warnings
   c. By changing weather patterns
   d. By funding relief efforts

Identifying Information (True/False/Not Given)

3. AI can help optimize the use of fertilizers in precision farming techniques.
   True/False/Not Given

4. The passage states that AI has no environmental impact.
   True/False/Not Given

Matching Headings

5. Match the following headings to their appropriate paragraphs (1-4):
   a. Agriculture and AI
   b. Monitoring Natural Disasters
   c. Challenges and Ethical Considerations
   d. Energy Efficiency

Answer Keys and Explanations

1. c. Building – The passage specifically mentions that AI optimizes energy use in buildings.
2. b. By providing early warnings – AI models analyze environmental indicators to give early warnings about extreme weather events.
3. True – AI algorithms analyze data to recommend optimal farming practices, which includes the use of fertilizers.
4. False – The passage mentions that the environmental impact of AI infrastructure must be considered.
5. a: 3, b: 2, c: 4, d: 1 – The third paragraph discusses agriculture, the second paragraph discusses natural disaster management, the fourth paragraph covers challenges and ethical considerations, and the first paragraph focuses on energy efficiency.

Common Mistakes

1. Misinterpreting technical terms: Words like “algorithms,” “smart grids,” or “precision farming” can be confusing. Ensure you understand such terms through context or external research.
2. Overlooking specific details: Details such as specific applications and benefits of AI in different sectors can easily be missed.
3. Failing to identify the writer’s opinion: The passage might contain the author’s perspective about the advantages and challenges of AI, which is crucial for correctly answering some question types.

Vocabulary List

1. Leverage (verb) – /ˈlevərɪdʒ/ – use something to maximum advantage.
2. Utility (noun) – /juːˈtɪləti/ – a public service, such as electricity or water supply.
3. Mitigation (noun) – /ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən/ – the action of reducing the severity or seriousness of something.
4. Algorithm (noun) – /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ – a process or set of rules followed in problem-solving operations.
5. Deforestation (noun) – /ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/ – the action of clearing a wide area of trees.

Grammar Focus

Passive Voice

The passive voice is used to emphasize the action rather than the subject. For example, “Advanced AI models are used to analyze weather patterns.”

Structure: Subject + auxiliary verb (be) + past participle
Example: “Data is collected by sensors.”

Relative Clauses

Relative clauses provide additional information about a noun without starting a new sentence.

Example1: “AI systems, which are rapidly evolving, can identify patterns.”
Example2: “The sensors that collect data on soil conditions are crucial for precision farming.”

Expert Tips for High IELTS Reading Scores

1. Practice Skimming and Scanning: Quickly identify main ideas and specific information without reading every word.
2. Improve Vocabulary: Continuously expand your vocabulary, focusing on synonyms and context usage.
3. Time Management: Allocate your time wisely. Speed up on easier sections to save time for more complex questions.
4. Active Reading: Engage with the text by summarizing paragraphs and noting down important points. This enhances understanding and retention.
5. Mock Tests: Regular practice with timed mock tests can greatly improve both speed and accuracy.

AI in Climate Change Mitigation

By understanding and internalizing the pivotal role AI can play in enhancing climate change mitigation, you are better prepared not only for the IELTS Reading section but also for broader academic and real-world applications. Happy studying, and best of luck on your IELTS journey!