How is Renewable Energy Adoption Affecting Developing Economies?

The IELTS Reading test evaluates your ability to understand and interpret texts on a variety of topics. One increasingly common theme is the impact of renewable energy adoption on developing economies. This topic is not only timely but also relevant given the global shift towards sustainable energy practices. Historically, themes around energy, environment, and economic development have shown up frequently on the IELTS Reading section, and it’s likely that similar topics will continue to appear.

Main Content

Practice Test Passage

The following passage provides a full-text reading practice modeled after the IELTS format. This passage is Medium Text level.

Renewable Energy Adoption and Its Impact on Developing Economies

Renewable energy, derived from natural sources such as wind, solar, and hydro power, has become a focal point in addressing climate change. While many developed countries have made significant strides in adopting renewable energy, developing economies are increasingly joining this global movement. The implications of this shift are profound and multifaceted.

Firstly, renewable energy adoption can lead to economic growth in developing economies. Traditional energy sources, such as coal and oil, are finite and subject to volatile market prices. In contrast, renewable energy sources are abundant and offer price stability. Investments in renewable energy infrastructure can create jobs, boost local industries, and improve energy security by reducing dependence on imported fuels.

One notable example is India, which has made substantial investments in solar energy. The country’s ambitious targets for solar power capacity have attracted significant foreign investment and created numerous jobs. Furthermore, solar energy has provided a solution to India’s energy deficit, particularly in rural areas where access to electricity has historically been limited.

Secondly, the transition to renewable energy can enhance public health. Fossil fuel burning is a major source of air pollution, leading to respiratory diseases and other health issues. By reducing reliance on polluting energy sources, developing countries can improve air quality and reduce healthcare costs. China, for instance, has seen improvements in air quality and public health outcomes as a result of its renewable energy programs.

However, the adoption of renewable energy also presents challenges. Initial investment costs for renewable infrastructure can be prohibitively high for developing economies, necessitating international financial support and policy frameworks that encourage private sector involvement. Moreover, technological expertise is required to maintain and operate renewable energy systems, which can be a barrier in regions with limited educational resources.

In conclusion, while the adoption of renewable energy in developing economies offers numerous benefits, it requires careful planning and support to overcome financial and technical barriers. The long-term gains in economic stability, public health, and environmental sustainability make it a worthwhile pursuit.

Questions

1. Multiple Choice:
   Why are renewable energy sources considered more beneficial for economic stability in developing economies?

   • A. They are finite and subject to volatile market prices.
   • B. They are abundant and offer price stability.
   • C. They require significant financial investment.
   • D. They create numerous jobs.

2. True/False/Not Given:
   The adoption of solar energy in India has attracted domestic investment exclusively.

3. Matching Sentence Endings:
   Match the beginning of the sentence with the correct ending.

   • Investments in renewable energy infrastructure can…
     • i. reduce dependence on imported fuels.
     • ii. exacerbate local industries.
     • iii. lead to higher healthcare costs.

4. Short-answer Questions:
   How has China’s renewable energy program impacted public health?

Answer Keys

1. Answer:

   • B. They are abundant and offer price stability.
   • Explanation: The passage states that renewable energy sources are abundant and provide stable prices, leading to economic stability.

2. Answer:

   • Not Given
   • Explanation: The passage mentions significant foreign investment in India’s solar energy sector but does not specify whether it is exclusive to domestic investment.

3. Answers:

   • i. reduce dependence on imported fuels.
   • Explanation: Investments in renewable energy infrastructure contribute to energy security by reducing reliance on imports, as stated in the passage.

4. Answer:

   • The renewable energy program has improved air quality and public health outcomes in China.
   • Explanation: The passage indicates that China’s adoption of renewable energy has led to better air quality and health outcomes.

Common Mistakes

1. Misinterpreting Data:
   Many test-takers misunderstand statistical information and its implications. Pay attention to how figures are presented and what they signify.

2. Skimming Too Quickly:
   While skimming can save time, it’s crucial to read carefully when addressing specific details or answering True/False/Not Given questions.

3. Matching Headings:
   Ensure that you understand the main idea of each paragraph rather than focusing solely on keywords.

Vocabulary

• Fossil fuel (noun) /ˈfɔː.səl ˌfjuːəl/: A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms. Example: Fossil fuels like coal and oil are non-renewable and contribute significantly to pollution.
• Ambitious (adjective) /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/: Having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed. Example: The country has set ambitious targets for renewable energy adoption.
• Subsidy (noun) /ˈsʌb.sɪ.di/: A sum of money granted by the government or a public body to help an industry or business keep the price of a commodity or service low. Example: Government subsidies have made renewable energy more affordable.

Grammar Focus

• Present Perfect Tense: Used to describe actions that have occurred at an indefinite time in the past or that started in the past and continue to the present. Formula: [subject] + have/has + past participle. Example: Developing economies have increasingly adopted renewable energy.

Recommendations for High Reading Scores

1. Regular Practice:
   Consistently practice reading various texts to improve speed and comprehension.

2. Active Vocabulary Building:
   Continuously expand your vocabulary to understand a wider range of texts.

3. Strategy Implementation:
   Utilize skimming, scanning, and detailed reading strategies depending on the question type.

4. Time Management:
   Allocate time wisely, ensuring you have enough time to review and check your answers.

Renewable Energy Installation

By following these guidelines and practicing regularly, you can significantly improve your IELTS Reading scores and better understand the timely issue of renewable energy adoption in developing economies.