Climate change and renewable energy are hot topics in the IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on recent trends and the increasing global focus on environmental issues, it’s highly likely that questions related to “how renewable energy can mitigate climate change effects” will continue to appear in future IELTS exams. Let’s explore this topic with sample essays for different band scores, along with detailed analyses to help you improve your writing skills.

Analyzing the Question

Some people believe that the development of renewable energy sources is crucial in combating climate change. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

This question asks for your opinion on the role of renewable energy in fighting climate change. It’s an agree/disagree type question, which means you need to clearly state your position and support it with relevant examples and explanations.

Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9

Climate change is undoubtedly one of the most pressing issues of our time, and the development of renewable energy sources is often touted as a key solution. I strongly agree with the statement that renewable energy is crucial in combating climate change, as it offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and promotes energy independence.

Firstly, renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power provide a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Unlike coal, oil, and natural gas, which are finite resources and major contributors to carbon emissions, renewable energy sources are inexhaustible and produce little to no greenhouse gases during operation. For instance, a single wind turbine can generate enough electricity to power hundreds of homes without emitting any carbon dioxide. This shift towards clean energy sources is essential in reducing our carbon footprint and mitigating the effects of climate change.

Moreover, the widespread adoption of renewable energy can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which are the primary drivers of climate change. According to the International Energy Agency, the energy sector accounts for about two-thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions. By transitioning to renewable energy sources, we can dramatically cut these emissions. For example, countries like Denmark and Germany, which have made substantial investments in wind and solar power, have seen significant reductions in their carbon emissions over the past decade.

Lastly, the development of renewable energy promotes energy independence and resilience, which is crucial in adapting to the challenges posed by climate change. As extreme weather events become more frequent due to global warming, having a decentralized and diverse energy supply can help ensure power stability. For instance, microgrids powered by solar panels and battery storage can provide electricity to communities even when the main power grid is down due to natural disasters.

In conclusion, the development of renewable energy sources is indeed crucial in combating climate change. It offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and enhances our ability to adapt to a changing climate. As we face the growing threats of global warming, investing in and expanding renewable energy infrastructure should be a top priority for governments and industries worldwide.

(Word count: 339)

Explanation of Band 8-9 Score

This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a high-scoring IELTS Writing Task 2 response:

1. Clear position: The writer clearly agrees with the statement in the introduction.
2. Well-organized structure: The essay follows a logical structure with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
3. Relevant examples: The writer provides specific examples (wind turbines, Denmark and Germany’s renewable energy investments) to support their arguments.
4. Cohesive devices: The essay uses a variety of linking words and phrases (Firstly, Moreover, Lastly) to connect ideas smoothly.
5. Sophisticated vocabulary: The writer uses advanced vocabulary and phrases accurately (touted as, inexhaustible, mitigating the effects, decentralized).
6. Grammar and sentence structure: The essay demonstrates a wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and appropriately.
7. Addressing all parts of the question: The essay fully addresses the question by discussing how renewable energy combats climate change.

Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7

Climate change is a big problem in today’s world, and many people think that renewable energy is very important to fight against it. I agree that renewable energy is crucial in combating climate change because it can help reduce pollution and create new jobs.

One reason why renewable energy is important is that it can help reduce pollution. Fossil fuels like coal and oil create a lot of pollution when they are burned to make electricity. This pollution causes global warming and climate change. But renewable energy sources like solar and wind power don’t create pollution when they make electricity. For example, solar panels on houses can provide clean energy without harming the environment.

Another reason is that renewable energy can create new jobs. As more countries start using renewable energy, they need people to make and install things like solar panels and wind turbines. This can help the economy and give people new opportunities for work. In some countries, the renewable energy industry is growing faster than other industries and creating many new jobs.

However, some people might say that renewable energy is expensive and not reliable. It’s true that setting up renewable energy systems can cost a lot of money at first. Also, sometimes the sun doesn’t shine or the wind doesn’t blow, so we can’t always get energy from these sources. But as technology improves, renewable energy is becoming cheaper and more reliable.

In conclusion, I believe that renewable energy is very important in fighting climate change. It helps reduce pollution and can create new jobs. While there are some challenges, the benefits of renewable energy make it a crucial part of solving the climate change problem.

(Word count: 283)

Explanation of Band 6-7 Score

This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a mid-range IELTS Writing Task 2 response:

1. Clear position: The writer agrees with the statement, which is stated in the introduction.
2. Basic structure: The essay has a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
3. Simple examples: The writer provides basic examples (solar panels on houses) to support their arguments.
4. Limited cohesive devices: The essay uses some simple linking words (One reason, Another reason, However) to connect ideas.
5. Good vocabulary: The writer uses some topic-specific vocabulary (fossil fuels, global warming, solar panels) but with less sophistication than the Band 8-9 essay.
6. Grammar and sentence structure: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences with generally good grammar, though with less variety than the higher band essay.
7. Addresses the question: The essay addresses the main parts of the question but with less depth and detail than the Band 8-9 essay.

Key Vocabulary to Remember

1. Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/: Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.

2. Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/: To make less severe, serious, or painful.

3. Greenhouse gas emissions (noun phrase) /ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɡæs ɪˈmɪʃnz/: The release of gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.

4. Fossil fuels (noun) /ˈfɒsl fjuːəlz/: A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.

5. Carbon footprint (noun) /ˈkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt/: The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.

6. Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbl/: Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

7. Energy independence (noun phrase) /ˈenədʒi ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/: The ability of a country to meet its energy needs without relying on foreign sources.

8. Decentralized (adjective) /diːˈsentrəlaɪzd/: Distributed or delegated away from a central authority.

9. Microgrids (noun) /ˈmaɪkrəʊɡrɪdz/: A localized group of electricity sources and loads that normally operates connected to and synchronous with the traditional centralized grid.

10. Resilience (noun) /rɪˈzɪliəns/: The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.

Renewable Energy Mitigating Climate Change

Conclusion

Understanding how to write about renewable energy and its role in mitigating climate change is crucial for IELTS candidates. The sample essays provided demonstrate how to approach this topic at different band levels. Remember to clearly state your position, provide relevant examples, and use appropriate vocabulary and grammar structures.

To further improve your skills, try writing your own essay on this topic or related ones, such as:

• The role of government in promoting renewable energy adoption
• The economic impacts of transitioning to renewable energy sources
• The challenges and solutions in implementing renewable energy on a large scale

Practice regularly and don’t hesitate to share your essays in the comments section for feedback. Good luck with your IELTS preparation!