Food insecurity in urban areas is a pressing global issue that has gained significant attention in recent years. As an IELTS examiner and educator, I’ve noticed an increasing trend of this topic appearing in Writing Task 2 questions. Given its relevance to contemporary social and economic challenges, it’s highly likely that you may encounter a question related to urban food insecurity in your upcoming IELTS exam.
After analyzing past IELTS exams and current global trends, I’ve identified a question that closely reflects the type of task you might face:
Many cities around the world are facing increasing problems with food insecurity. What are the main causes of this issue, and what measures can be taken to address it?
Let’s break down this question and explore how to craft compelling essays for different band scores.
Analyzing the Question
This question is a classic example of a problem-solution essay. It consists of two parts:
- Identify the main causes of food insecurity in urban areas.
- Suggest measures to address this issue.
To excel in this task, you need to:
- Clearly state the main causes (at least 2-3)
- Propose specific and relevant solutions
- Provide examples to support your points
- Maintain a clear structure throughout your essay
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay for Band 8-9
High Band Score Essay
Food insecurity in urban areas has emerged as a critical challenge in many cities worldwide, stemming from a complex interplay of socioeconomic factors. This essay will explore the primary causes of this issue and propose effective measures to mitigate its impact.
The main drivers of urban food insecurity are multifaceted. Firstly, rapid urbanization has led to a significant population influx into cities, often outpacing the development of adequate infrastructure and food distribution systems. This mismatch creates ‘food deserts’ where access to nutritious food is limited. Secondly, income inequality in urban areas exacerbates the problem, as many low-income residents struggle to afford healthy food options. Lastly, the vulnerability of urban food systems to external shocks, such as economic crises or climate change-induced disruptions, further compounds the issue.
To address these challenges, a multi-pronged approach is necessary. One effective measure is the implementation of urban agriculture initiatives. Encouraging rooftop gardens, community allotments, and vertical farming can increase local food production and improve access to fresh produce. Additionally, governments should focus on developing robust social safety nets, such as food stamp programs or subsidized healthy food options, to ensure that low-income urban residents can maintain a nutritious diet. Furthermore, investing in resilient urban food supply chains, including the development of local food hubs and improved distribution networks, can help mitigate the impact of external shocks on food security.
In conclusion, urban food insecurity is a complex issue rooted in rapid urbanization, income disparity, and systemic vulnerabilities. By promoting urban agriculture, strengthening social support systems, and enhancing food supply resilience, cities can make significant strides in addressing this pressing challenge. These measures not only improve food security but also contribute to more sustainable and equitable urban environments.
(Word count: 292)
Explanation of Band 8-9 Score
This essay demonstrates the qualities of a high band score (8-9) for several reasons:
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Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, providing a clear overview of the causes and suggesting relevant solutions.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. It uses cohesive devices effectively (e.g., “Firstly,” “Secondly,” “Additionally”).
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Lexical Resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “multifaceted,” “exacerbates,” “mitigate”).
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: It demonstrates a wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and appropriately.
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Development and Support: Each main point is well-developed with explanations and examples.
Sample Essay for Band 6-7
Medium Band Score Essay
Food insecurity in cities is becoming a big problem around the world. This essay will look at why this is happening and suggest some ways to fix it.
One of the main reasons for food insecurity in cities is that many people don’t have enough money to buy good food. When people are poor, they often have to choose cheap, unhealthy food instead of nutritious options. Another cause is that some parts of cities don’t have enough supermarkets or markets selling fresh food. This makes it hard for people living there to get the food they need.
To solve these problems, there are several things we can do. First, the government could give money or food stamps to poor people so they can afford better food. This would help them buy more nutritious meals for their families. Another idea is to encourage more community gardens in cities. If people can grow their own vegetables, they will have easier access to fresh food.
In conclusion, food insecurity in cities is mainly caused by poverty and lack of access to good food shops. By helping poor people afford food and creating more places to grow food in cities, we can make the situation better. These solutions can help make sure more people in cities have enough to eat.
(Word count: 213)
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay demonstrates the qualities of a medium band score (6-7) for the following reasons:
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Task Response: The essay addresses the main parts of the task, but the causes and solutions are less developed compared to the higher band essay.
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Coherence and Cohesion: The essay has a clear structure, but the use of cohesive devices is less sophisticated.
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Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is adequate but less varied and precise compared to the higher band essay.
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences, with generally good control of grammar.
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Development and Support: The main points are supported, but the examples and explanations are less detailed.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
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Food insecurity (noun) – /fuːd ɪnˌsɪkjʊərəti/ – The state of being without reliable access to sufficient affordable, nutritious food.
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Urbanization (noun) – /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – The process of making an area more urban.
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Multifaceted (adjective) – /ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd/ – Having many different aspects or features.
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Exacerbate (verb) – /ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt/ – To make a problem or bad situation worse.
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Mitigate (verb) – /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ – To make something less severe, serious, or painful.
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Resilient (adjective) – /rɪˈzɪliənt/ – Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
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Infrastructure (noun) – /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
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Initiative (noun) – /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ – An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation.
These words can significantly enhance your essay and demonstrate a strong command of English vocabulary related to the topic of urban food insecurity.
Conclusion
Urban food insecurity is a complex and increasingly relevant topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. By understanding the key components of the question and structuring your response effectively, you can craft a compelling essay regardless of your current English proficiency level.
To further prepare for your IELTS exam, consider practicing with these related topics:
- The impact of climate change on urban food production
- The role of technology in addressing food shortages in cities
- The relationship between urban planning and food accessibility
Remember, the key to improving your IELTS writing score is consistent practice. Try writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments below. This will not only help you refine your skills but also allow you to receive feedback from others preparing for the IELTS exam.