Rising inequality is a pressing global issue that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Based on past exam trends and the increasing prominence of this topic in public discourse, it’s highly likely that you’ll encounter a question related to inequality in your IELTS exam. Let’s explore this theme through a carefully selected question and provide sample essays to help you prepare effectively.
Analyzing the Task 2 Question
Some people believe that governments should focus on reducing economic inequality. Others think that this is not achievable and governments should focus on other priorities. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
This question presents a classic IELTS Writing Task 2 format, asking you to discuss two contrasting viewpoints and provide your own perspective. The topic centers on the role of governments in addressing economic inequality, a subject that has gained significant attention in recent years.
Key elements to address:
- The view that governments should prioritize reducing economic inequality
- The opposing view that this goal is unattainable and other priorities should take precedence
- Your personal opinion on the matter
Let’s examine three sample essays of varying quality, demonstrating how to approach this question for different band scores.
IELTS Writing Task 2 Discussion
Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9 Level
Economic disparity has become a contentious issue in many societies, sparking debate about the role of governments in addressing this challenge. While some argue that reducing inequality should be a primary focus for policymakers, others contend that this goal is unrealistic and that governments should direct their efforts elsewhere. This essay will examine both perspectives before offering a balanced view on this complex matter.
Proponents of government intervention in reducing economic inequality argue that excessive disparities in wealth and income can lead to social unrest, decreased economic mobility, and a weakened democracy. They contend that targeted policies such as progressive taxation, robust social safety nets, and investment in public education can help level the playing field and create more equitable societies. By addressing inequality, governments can potentially foster greater social cohesion and economic stability, which are crucial for long-term national prosperity.
On the other hand, skeptics argue that attempts to significantly reduce economic inequality are often futile and may have unintended negative consequences. They point out that inequality is, to some extent, a natural outcome of market economies that reward innovation and hard work. Critics of government intervention warn that overzealous redistribution policies could stifle economic growth, discourage entrepreneurship, and lead to capital flight. Instead, they advocate for governments to focus on creating opportunities for all through policies that promote economic growth and job creation.
In my opinion, while completely eradicating economic inequality may be unrealistic, governments have a responsibility to mitigate its most extreme forms and ensure a basic standard of living for all citizens. A balanced approach that combines pro-growth policies with targeted interventions to support the most vulnerable members of society is likely to yield the best results. This could include investing in education and skills training to enhance economic mobility, implementing fair tax systems that do not overly burden any particular group, and providing essential services such as healthcare and housing assistance.
In conclusion, addressing economic inequality is a complex challenge that requires nuanced solutions. While governments should not ignore this issue, they must carefully balance efforts to reduce disparities with the need to maintain economic dynamism and individual incentives. By adopting a multifaceted strategy that promotes both equity and growth, policymakers can work towards creating more just and prosperous societies for all.
(Word count: 379)
Essay Analysis:
This essay demonstrates several qualities that contribute to a high band score:
Clear structure: The essay follows a logical progression, introducing the topic, discussing both viewpoints, presenting a personal opinion, and concluding effectively.
Sophisticated vocabulary: The use of terms like “contentious,” “disparities,” and “multifaceted” showcases a wide-ranging vocabulary.
Complex sentence structures: The essay employs a variety of sentence types, including compound and complex sentences, which add sophistication to the writing.
Cohesion and coherence: Ideas flow smoothly from one paragraph to the next, with effective use of linking words and phrases.
Balanced argument: The essay presents both sides of the debate fairly before offering a nuanced personal opinion.
Relevant examples: The writer provides specific examples of policies and potential consequences, demonstrating a good understanding of the topic.
Task response: All parts of the question are fully addressed, with a clear position presented in the conclusion.
Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7 Level
The issue of economic inequality is a big problem in many countries today. Some people think governments should try to reduce this inequality, while others believe it’s not possible and governments should focus on other things. This essay will look at both sides of this argument.
Those who support government action to reduce inequality say that big differences in wealth can cause problems in society. They argue that when some people are very rich and others are very poor, it can lead to social unrest. They think governments can help by doing things like taxing rich people more and providing better services for poor people. This could include things like free education and healthcare.
On the other hand, some people think trying to reduce inequality is not a good use of government resources. They say that inequality is a natural part of the economy and that trying to change it could harm economic growth. These people argue that governments should focus on creating more jobs and improving the overall economy instead of trying to make everyone equal.
In my opinion, I think governments should try to reduce inequality, but they need to be careful about how they do it. Completely eliminating inequality is probably impossible, but governments can still do things to help people who are struggling. For example, they could improve education and job training programs to help people get better jobs. They could also make sure that basic needs like healthcare are available to everyone.
To conclude, economic inequality is a complex issue with no easy solutions. While governments shouldn’t ignore it, they need to find a balance between reducing inequality and keeping the economy strong. By focusing on creating opportunities for everyone and providing basic support, governments can work towards a fairer society without harming economic growth.
(Word count: 309)
Essay Analysis:
This essay demonstrates qualities consistent with a Band 6-7 score:
Adequate structure: The essay follows a clear structure, addressing both viewpoints and providing a personal opinion.
Appropriate vocabulary: The language used is generally clear and appropriate, though less sophisticated than the Band 8-9 essay.
Sentence variety: There is some variation in sentence structure, but less complexity compared to higher band scores.
Cohesion: The essay uses basic linking words to connect ideas, though the flow could be smoother.
Task response: All parts of the question are addressed, though the arguments could be more fully developed.
Examples: Some relevant examples are provided, but they could be more specific and detailed.
Personal opinion: A clear position is presented, though it could be more nuanced.
Sample Essay 3: Band 5-6 Level
Nowdays, economic inequality is a big problem in many countrys. Some people think governments should try to fix this problem. Other people think it’s impossible and governments should do other things. I will discuss both ideas in this essay.
First, some people say governments must reduce inequality. They think it’s not fair when some people are very rich and others are very poor. They want governments to help poor people more. For example, governments can give free education and healthcare to poor people. This can help them have better lives.
But other people don’t agree. They think trying to make everyone equal is not possible. They say inequality is normal in the economy. If governments try to change this, it might make the economy worse. These people think governments should focus on making more jobs instead.
I think both sides have good points. Inequality is a big problem, but it’s hard to fix. I think governments should try to help poor people, but they shouldn’t try to make everyone exactly equal. They can do things like improve schools and give healthcare to everyone. This can help people have better chances in life.
In conclusion, economic inequality is a difficult problem. Governments should try to help, but they need to be careful. They should focus on giving everyone good opportunities, not just making everyone the same. This way, they can make society fairer without hurting the economy.
(Word count: 238)
Essay Analysis:
This essay demonstrates qualities consistent with a Band 5-6 score:
Basic structure: The essay follows a simple structure, addressing both viewpoints and providing a personal opinion.
Limited vocabulary: The language used is simple and repetitive, with some errors in word choice and form.
Simple sentences: Most sentences are short and simple, with limited use of complex structures.
Basic cohesion: The essay uses simple linking words, but the flow of ideas is sometimes disjointed.
Task response: The main points of the question are addressed, but the arguments lack depth and development.
Limited examples: Some basic examples are provided, but they lack specificity and detail.
Personal opinion: A position is presented, but it lacks nuance and detailed justification.
Grammar and spelling: There are noticeable errors in grammar and spelling (e.g., “Nowdays,” “countrys”), which would impact the score.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
Economic inequality (noun) – /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ – Differences in economic well-being between individuals or groups
Disparity (noun) – /dɪˈspærəti/ – A great difference
Progressive taxation (noun) – /prəˈɡresɪv tækˈseɪʃən/ – A tax system where the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases
Social cohesion (noun) – /ˈsəʊʃəl kəʊˈhiːʒən/ – The willingness of members of a society to cooperate with each other
Redistribution (noun) – /ˌriːdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/ – The transfer of income or wealth from some individuals to others through social mechanisms
Economic mobility (noun) – /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk məʊˈbɪləti/ – The ability of an individual or family to improve their economic status
Social safety net (noun) – /ˈsəʊʃəl ˈseɪfti net/ – Government programs that protect citizens from economic hardship
Entrepreneurship (noun) – /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp/ – The activity of setting up businesses and taking on financial risks in the hope of profit
Capital flight (noun) – /ˈkæpɪtl flaɪt/ – The rapid movement of large sums of money out of a country
Multifaceted (adjective) – /ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd/ – Having many different aspects or features
Conclusion
Addressing the challenges of rising inequality is a complex topic that requires careful consideration and balanced argumentation in IELTS Writing Task 2. By studying these sample essays and analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, you can improve your own writing skills and develop the ability to craft well-structured, persuasive arguments.
Remember to practice writing essays on this topic and other related themes, such as:
- The role of education in reducing income inequality
- The impact of technological advancements on economic disparities
- Government policies to promote equal opportunities in the job market
- The relationship between globalization and economic inequality
By familiarizing yourself with these topics and practicing your essay writing skills, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle any inequality-related question that may appear in your IELTS Writing Task 2. Don’t forget to share your practice essays in the comments section below for feedback and further discussion!