Social inequality has consistently appeared as a significant topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, particularly in the last five years. Based on analysis of past exam patterns and how political leaders promote unity and address social divisions, this theme is likely to remain prominent in future tests. Let’s examine one frequently appearing question type related to social inequality.
Task Analysis and Sample Question
Some people believe that governments should focus on reducing the gap between the rich and poor, while others think economic growth is more important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Question Analysis
- Topic: Economic inequality vs. economic growth
- Task type: Discussion + Opinion
- Key requirements:
- Discuss both perspectives
- Present personal view
- Support arguments with examples
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate between prioritizing income equality and economic growth continues to challenge policymakers worldwide. While both objectives merit attention, I believe a balanced approach focusing primarily on reducing wealth disparities would ultimately prove more beneficial for society.
Those who advocate for economic growth argue that expanding the overall economy creates opportunities for all citizens. When businesses thrive and new industries emerge, they generate employment opportunities and increase tax revenue, which can fund social programs. For instance, causes of income inequality and solutions show that rapid industrialization in South Korea has lifted millions out of poverty through job creation and increased wages.
However, proponents of reducing inequality contend that excessive wealth concentration undermines social stability and economic sustainability. They argue that how green finance can drive social change demonstrates that when wealth is more evenly distributed, consumer spending increases, driving sustainable economic growth. Countries like Denmark and Norway exemplify how reducing inequality through progressive taxation and robust social programs can create prosperous, stable societies.
In my view, while economic growth is crucial, addressing inequality should take precedence. The importance of financial education in reducing income inequality has shown that extreme wealth disparities can lead to social unrest, reduced social mobility, and decreased economic efficiency. Moreover, research suggests that more equitable societies tend to experience more sustainable long-term growth.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
The question of whether governments should focus on reducing the gap between rich and poor people or concentrate on economic growth is very important today. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
Some people think economic growth is more important. They say when the economy grows, everyone can get better jobs and earn more money. For example, in China, fast economic growth has helped many poor people get better lives. Also, when the economy grows, the government gets more tax money to help poor people.
Other people believe reducing the gap between rich and poor is more important. They think big differences between rich and poor people cause social problems. For example, poor people cannot afford good education or healthcare. The advantages of universal basic income for social welfare show this could help reduce inequality.
I think both things are important, but reducing inequality should come first. When poor people have more money, they can buy more things, which helps the economy grow. Also, less inequality means fewer social problems and a happier society.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8.5 Essay Features:
- Sophisticated vocabulary: “advocate,” “contend,” “prosperity”
- Complex sentence structures
- Clear organization and cohesion
- Well-developed arguments with specific examples
- Balanced discussion with clear personal stance
Band 6.5 Essay Features:
- Simple but clear vocabulary
- Basic sentence structures
- Some repetition in expression
- Limited development of ideas
- Basic organization present
Key Vocabulary
- wealth disparity (n.) /ˈwelθ dɪˈsperəti/ – difference in wealth levels
- social mobility (n.) /ˈsəʊʃəl məʊˈbɪləti/ – ability to move between social classes
- progressive taxation (n.) /prəˈɡresɪv tækˈseɪʃən/ – tax system where higher earners pay more
- sustainable (adj.) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to maintain at a certain level
- industrialization (n.) /ɪnˌdʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – development of industries
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Essays on Social Inequality with Analysis
Remember to practice writing your own essays addressing social inequality topics and share them in the comments for feedback. Future exam questions might explore related themes such as education inequality, healthcare access disparities, or technological divide between social classes.
