In recent years, the topic of sustainable economic models has gained significant traction in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. This theme aligns with global concerns about environmental sustainability and economic development, making it a highly relevant and frequently appearing subject in IELTS examinations. Based on past trends and current global focus, we can expect this topic to continue featuring prominently in future IELTS tests. Let’s explore a sample question and develop comprehensive essay responses to help you prepare for this crucial subject.
Analyzing the Question
Let’s consider the following IELTS Writing Task 2 question:
Some people believe that economic growth is the key to solving global problems such as poverty and environmental degradation. Others argue that economic growth is actually the cause of these problems. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question touches on the core of the sustainable economic model debate. It requires candidates to:
- Discuss the perspective that economic growth can solve global issues
- Explore the contrasting view that economic growth causes these problems
- Provide a personal opinion on the matter
Sample Essays
Band 8-9 Essay
Economic growth has long been viewed as a panacea for global challenges, yet its impact on issues like poverty and environmental degradation is a subject of intense debate. While some argue that economic expansion is the key to addressing these problems, others contend that it is, in fact, the root cause. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of economic growth as a solution argue that increased wealth creation can provide the resources necessary to combat poverty and invest in environmental protection. They posit that as economies expand, governments and businesses have more capital to allocate towards social programs, education, and green technologies. For instance, rapidly developing nations like China have lifted millions out of poverty through economic growth, while also investing heavily in renewable energy in recent years.
Conversely, critics argue that the pursuit of endless economic growth is fundamentally unsustainable and exacerbates global problems. They point to the environmental costs of industrialization, such as deforestation, air pollution, and climate change, which disproportionately affect the world’s poorest populations. Moreover, they argue that the benefits of economic growth often accrue to a small elite, widening income inequality rather than alleviating poverty.
In my opinion, the truth lies somewhere between these two extremes. While unfettered economic growth can indeed lead to environmental degradation and wealth disparity, a carefully managed approach to economic development can yield positive outcomes. The key lies in adopting a sustainable economic model that prioritizes long-term societal and environmental well-being alongside short-term gains.
Such a model would emphasize circular economy principles, where resources are used efficiently and waste is minimized. It would also focus on equitable distribution of wealth through progressive taxation and robust social programs. Furthermore, investments in green technologies and renewable energy can drive economic growth while simultaneously addressing environmental concerns.
In conclusion, while economic growth alone is not a silver bullet for global problems, a reimagined approach to economic development that balances growth with sustainability and equity could provide a pathway to addressing both poverty and environmental degradation. The challenge lies in shifting our economic paradigms towards more holistic, long-term thinking that considers the interconnectedness of social, economic, and environmental factors.
(Word count: 368)
Band 6-7 Essay
The role of economic growth in solving or causing global problems like poverty and environmental issues is a topic of much debate. Some people think it can help solve these problems, while others believe it makes them worse. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who support economic growth say it can help solve global problems. They argue that when countries become richer, they have more money to spend on helping poor people and protecting the environment. For example, rich countries can afford better technology to reduce pollution and can give more aid to poorer nations.
On the other hand, some people think economic growth causes these problems. They say that as economies grow, factories produce more pollution, forests are cut down, and natural resources are used up. Also, they argue that economic growth often makes rich people richer while poor people stay poor, which doesn’t help solve poverty.
In my opinion, I think both sides have some truth. Economic growth can provide resources to solve problems, but it can also cause harm if not managed properly. I believe the solution is to focus on sustainable economic growth that considers both the environment and social equality.
For this to work, governments and businesses need to invest in clean technologies and renewable energy. They should also ensure that the benefits of economic growth are shared fairly among all people in society. This might include better education and healthcare for everyone, not just the rich.
In conclusion, while economic growth can both help and hurt global problems, I believe that with the right approach, it can be a positive force. The key is to balance growth with care for the environment and fairness for all people. This way, we can work towards solving poverty and environmental problems at the same time.
(Word count: 300)
Writing Tips
When addressing this topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, consider the following:
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Structure: Ensure a clear introduction, body paragraphs discussing both viewpoints, and a conclusion with your opinion.
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Balanced argument: Present both sides fairly before giving your own view.
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Specific examples: Use concrete examples to support your points, as seen in the Band 8-9 essay.
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Cohesion: Use linking words to connect ideas smoothly. The Band 8-9 essay demonstrates this with phrases like “Conversely” and “Moreover”.
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Vocabulary: Employ a range of topic-specific vocabulary. The Band 8-9 essay uses terms like “sustainable economic model” and “circular economy principles”.
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Grammar: Use a mix of simple and complex sentence structures. The Band 8-9 essay showcases this variety effectively.
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Task response: Ensure you fully address all parts of the question, including discussing both views and giving your opinion.
Key Vocabulary
Here are some important terms related to this topic:
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Sustainable development (noun) /səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈveləpmənt/: Economic development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
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Circular economy (noun) /ˈsɜːkjələr iˈkɒnəmi/: An economic system aimed at eliminating waste and continual use of resources.
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Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/: Energy from sources that are naturally replenished.
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Income inequality (noun) /ˈɪnkʌm ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/: The extent to which income is distributed unevenly in a group of people.
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Green technology (noun) /griːn tekˈnɒlədʒi/: Technology that is environmentally friendly.
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Industrialization (noun) /ɪnˌdʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/: The development of industries in a country on a wide scale.
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Environmental degradation (noun) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˌdegrəˈdeɪʃn/: The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources.
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Equitable distribution (noun) /ˈekwɪtəbl ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/: Fair and impartial allocation of resources or benefits.
Conclusion
The topic of sustainable economic models is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. Future questions might explore related themes such as:
- The role of technology in creating sustainable economies
- Balancing economic growth with environmental protection in developing countries
- The impact of globalization on sustainable economic development
To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on these topics, focusing on presenting balanced arguments and using specific examples. Remember to share your practice essays in the comments section below for feedback and discussion. This active engagement will help you refine your writing skills and prepare you for success in your IELTS Writing Task 2.