Plastic pollution in oceans has become a pressing global issue, frequently appearing in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Based on recent trends, we can expect this topic to continue being a popular choice for examiners. Let’s explore some sample essays addressing this critical environmental concern, providing insights for different band scores.

Analyzing the Task 2 Question

Let’s consider the following IELTS Writing Task 2 question:

The amount of plastic waste in oceans is increasing at an alarming rate. What are the causes of this problem, and what measures can be taken to address it?

This question is a typical problem-solution essay that requires candidates to discuss both the causes of plastic pollution in oceans and potential solutions. It’s crucial to address both aspects equally to achieve a high band score.

Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9 Response

Here’s a high-scoring sample essay that effectively addresses the question:

Plastic pollution in our oceans has reached critical levels, posing a severe threat to marine ecosystems and human health. This essay will examine the primary causes of this environmental crisis and propose viable solutions to mitigate its impact.

The main contributors to oceanic plastic waste are inadequate waste management systems and excessive consumption of single-use plastics. In many developing countries, insufficient infrastructure for waste collection and recycling leads to plastic debris being dumped directly into waterways. Additionally, the global dependence on disposable plastic products, such as packaging and cutlery, exacerbates the problem as these items often end up in oceans due to improper disposal or littering.

To address this issue, a multi-faceted approach is necessary. Firstly, governments should invest in improved waste management infrastructure, particularly in coastal areas and developing nations. This includes establishing efficient recycling programs and implementing stricter regulations on plastic disposal. Secondly, public awareness campaigns can educate people about the dangers of plastic pollution and promote responsible consumption habits. Encouraging the use of reusable alternatives to single-use plastics can significantly reduce waste generation.

Furthermore, innovation in biodegradable materials should be prioritized. Developing eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics can help reduce the long-term impact of waste on marine environments. Lastly, international cooperation is crucial in tackling this global issue. Countries should collaborate on research, share best practices, and establish global standards for plastic production and disposal.

In conclusion, while the problem of plastic pollution in oceans is complex, it is not insurmountable. By addressing the root causes through improved waste management, public education, technological innovation, and global collaboration, we can work towards cleaner, healthier oceans for future generations.

(Word count: 275)

Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay

This essay demonstrates excellent qualities that justify a high band score:

1. Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both causes and solutions comprehensively.
2. Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression. Paragraphs are well-linked using appropriate cohesive devices.
3. Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used accurately and appropriately, including topic-specific terms like “marine ecosystems” and “biodegradable materials”.
4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay displays a variety of complex structures used accurately, with only minor errors.

Plastic pollution in ocean

Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7 Response

Here’s a sample essay that would typically score in the Band 6-7 range:

Nowadays, the problem of plastic waste in oceans is getting worse. This essay will discuss the reasons for this issue and suggest some ways to solve it.

One of the main causes of plastic pollution in oceans is people throwing away too much plastic. Many people use plastic bags, bottles, and packaging without thinking about where these items end up. Another reason is that some countries don’t have good systems for dealing with waste. This means a lot of plastic rubbish gets into rivers and then flows into the sea.

To fix this problem, we need to take several steps. First, governments should make better rules about using and throwing away plastic. They could ban single-use plastics or make people pay for plastic bags. This would help reduce the amount of plastic waste. Second, we need to teach people about the dangers of plastic pollution. If people understand how bad it is for the environment, they might be more careful about using plastic.

Another solution is to clean up the oceans. Some organizations are already doing this, but we need more efforts. Also, scientists should work on making new materials that can replace plastic but don’t harm the environment.

In conclusion, plastic pollution in oceans is a big problem caused by too much plastic use and poor waste management. By making new laws, educating people, cleaning up, and finding new materials, we can help solve this issue.

(Word count: 253)

Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay

This essay demonstrates characteristics typical of a Band 6-7 response:

1. Task Achievement: The essay addresses the main parts of the task, but the ideas could be more fully developed.
2. Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall progression, but some cohesive devices are overused or under-used.
3. Lexical Resource: The vocabulary is adequate for the task, but there is limited precision in word choice and some repetition.
4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A mix of simple and complex sentence structures is used, with some errors that do not impede communication.

Key Vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 2 on Ocean Plastic Pollution

1. Marine ecosystem (noun, /məˈriːn ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/): The community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment in the sea.

2. Biodegradable (adjective, /ˌbaɪəʊdɪˈɡreɪdəbl/): Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.

3. Single-use plastics (noun, /ˈsɪŋɡl juːs ˈplæstɪks/): Plastic items intended to be used only once before they are thrown away or recycled.

4. Waste management (noun, /weɪst ˈmænɪdʒmənt/): The collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage, and other waste products.

5. Environmental impact (noun, /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈɪmpækt/): The effect of human activities on the natural world.

6. Microplastics (noun, /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈplæstɪks/): Extremely small pieces of plastic debris in the environment resulting from the disposal and breakdown of consumer products.

7. Sustainable alternatives (noun, /səˈsteɪnəbl ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪvz/): Products or practices that are environmentally friendly and can be maintained without depleting natural resources.

These terms will help you articulate your ideas more precisely and demonstrate a strong grasp of the topic in your IELTS Writing Task 2 essay.

Conclusion

The issue of plastic pollution in oceans is likely to remain a relevant topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:

• The impact of plastic pollution on marine life
• Government policies to reduce plastic waste
• The role of individuals in combating ocean pollution
• Technological innovations for cleaning up the oceans

Remember, the key to success in IELTS Writing Task 2 is not just about knowing the topic, but also about structuring your essay well, using a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and addressing all parts of the question. Practice writing essays on this topic and share them in the comments section below for feedback and further improvement.