IELTS Writing Task 2: Tackling Poverty During Economic Recessions – Sample Essays and Analysis

Economic recessions can exacerbate poverty, making it a crucial topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. This essay question has appeared in various forms in past IELTS exams and is likely to remain relevant in future tests. Let’s explore a sample question and analyze how to approach this challenging topic effectively.

Some people think that governments should focus on reducing poverty during times of economic recession, while others believe this is not the right time for such initiatives. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Analyzing the Question

This question requires you to:

1. Discuss the view that governments should focus on reducing poverty during economic recessions
2. Discuss the opposing view that this is not the right time for such initiatives
3. Provide your own opinion on the matter

It’s crucial to address all parts of the question and provide a balanced argument before stating your position.

Sample Essay for Band 8-9

Here’s a high-scoring sample essay that addresses the question comprehensively:

In times of economic downturn, the debate over governmental priorities often intensifies, with poverty reduction being a contentious issue. While some argue that tackling poverty should be a focus during recessions, others contend that such initiatives are ill-timed. This essay will examine both perspectives before offering a personal stance.

Proponents of poverty reduction during recessions argue that economic hardships disproportionately affect the poor, making it an ethical imperative for governments to intervene. They contend that targeted welfare programs and job creation initiatives can not only alleviate immediate suffering but also stimulate economic activity from the bottom up. Furthermore, investing in poverty reduction during tough times can prevent long-term social and economic costs associated with prolonged poverty, such as increased crime rates and health issues.

On the other hand, those against prioritizing poverty reduction during recessions argue that governments should focus on broader economic recovery measures. They believe that stimulating business growth and protecting jobs across all sectors will ultimately benefit everyone, including the poor. This view suggests that diverting resources to poverty-specific programs might hinder overall economic recovery, potentially leading to more widespread hardship in the long run.

In my opinion, while both arguments have merit, I believe that governments should indeed prioritize poverty reduction during economic recessions. The vulnerability of low-income groups during these periods cannot be overstated, and the potential for a poverty trap to deepen and persist beyond the recession is a significant risk. Moreover, targeted poverty reduction measures can be designed to complement broader economic recovery efforts, creating a more resilient and inclusive economy.

In conclusion, while the debate on poverty reduction during recessions is complex, I maintain that it should be a governmental priority. By addressing the needs of the most vulnerable while simultaneously working towards overall economic recovery, governments can foster a more equitable and sustainable path out of recession.

(Word count: 309)

Sample Essay for Band 6-7

Here’s a mid-range sample essay addressing the same question:

Economic recessions are difficult times for everyone, and governments have to make tough choices. Some people think the government should focus on helping poor people during these times, while others disagree. This essay will look at both sides and give my opinion.

Those who support helping the poor during recessions say it’s important because poor people suffer the most when the economy is bad. They think the government should give money and create jobs for poor people. This can help them survive and might even help the economy by making people spend more money.

On the other hand, some people think it’s not a good idea to focus on poverty during recessions. They believe the government should concentrate on fixing the whole economy first. They think that if businesses do well and people keep their jobs, it will help everyone, including poor people, in the long run.

I think both sides have good points, but I agree more with helping poor people during recessions. Poor people can get into serious trouble if they don’t get help quickly, and this can cause more problems for society later. I also think that helping poor people doesn’t mean the government can’t work on fixing the economy too.

In conclusion, while it’s a difficult decision, I believe governments should try to reduce poverty during recessions. This can help protect the most vulnerable people and might even help the economy recover faster.

(Word count: 237)

Key Points to Remember When Writing

1. Structure: Ensure your essay has a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
2. Balance: Discuss both viewpoints equally before giving your opinion.
3. Examples: Use specific examples to support your arguments.
4. Coherence: Use linking words to connect ideas smoothly.
5. Vocabulary: Employ a range of vocabulary related to economics and social issues.

Poverty Reduction Strategies

Important Vocabulary to Remember

1. Economic recession (noun) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk rɪˈseʃn/ – a period of temporary economic decline
2. Poverty reduction (noun) /ˈpɒvəti rɪˈdʌkʃn/ – the process of decreasing the number of people living in poverty
3. Welfare programs (noun) /ˈwelfeə ˈprəʊɡræmz/ – government initiatives to help the needy
4. Economic recovery (noun) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk rɪˈkʌvəri/ – the process of an economy regaining its strength
5. Stimulus measures (noun) /ˈstɪmjələs ˈmeʒəz/ – actions taken to encourage economic growth
6. Poverty trap (noun) /ˈpɒvəti træp/ – a situation where poverty persists across generations
7. Vulnerable groups (noun) /ˈvʌlnərəbl ɡruːps/ – people at higher risk of harm or neglect
8. Social equity (noun) /ˈsəʊʃl ˈekwəti/ – fairness in society regarding opportunities and resources

Conclusion

Writing about poverty reduction during economic recessions requires a nuanced understanding of both economic and social issues. Practice writing essays on this topic, considering various aspects such as short-term relief versus long-term economic stability, the role of government versus private sector, and the potential long-term impacts of different approaches.

For further practice, consider writing essays on related topics such as:

1. The role of international aid in poverty reduction during global economic crises
2. The effectiveness of universal basic income as a poverty reduction strategy during recessions
3. The impact of technological advancements on poverty reduction efforts in economic downturns

Remember to post your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active engagement will help you improve your writing skills and deepen your understanding of this complex topic.