The impact of global trade on local economies is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2, reflecting its significance in our interconnected world. Based on past exam trends and expert analysis, this topic has a high likelihood of appearing in future tests. Let’s explore a sample question and provide model essays for different band scores to help you prepare effectively.
Analyzing the Task
Some people think that governments should focus on creating jobs through global trade, while others believe they should protect local industries and jobs. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question addresses the dual impact of global trade on local economies, presenting two contrasting viewpoints:
- Governments should prioritize job creation through global trade.
- Governments should protect local industries and jobs.
The task requires you to discuss both perspectives and provide your personal opinion. Let’s examine model essays for different band scores.
Model Essay 1: Band 8-9
In today’s interconnected world, the impact of global trade on local job markets has become a contentious issue. While some advocate for governments to focus on creating employment opportunities through international trade, others argue for the protection of domestic industries and jobs. This essay will explore both viewpoints before presenting my own perspective.
Proponents of global trade argue that it can significantly boost job creation in local economies. By opening up markets and encouraging foreign investment, countries can attract multinational corporations, leading to the establishment of new factories and offices. This influx of business activity not only creates direct employment but also stimulates growth in supporting industries, resulting in a multiplier effect on job creation. For example, when Toyota established manufacturing plants in the United States, it not only employed thousands directly but also created jobs in the supply chain and local service industries.
On the other hand, those in favor of protecting local industries contend that unrestricted global trade can lead to job losses and the decline of traditional sectors. They argue that local businesses, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, may struggle to compete with large international corporations, potentially leading to closures and unemployment. Additionally, certain industries that are crucial for national security or cultural identity may need government protection to survive. The textile industry in many developing countries, for instance, has suffered due to cheap imports, leading to widespread job losses.
In my opinion, a balanced approach that combines the benefits of global trade with measured protections for local industries is most effective. Governments should actively pursue international trade agreements and attract foreign investment to create new job opportunities. However, this should be complemented by targeted support for local industries, particularly those that are strategically important or have the potential to become globally competitive. This could include temporary tariffs, subsidies for research and development, and programs to retrain workers in declining industries.
In conclusion, while global trade undoubtedly offers significant potential for job creation, it’s crucial not to overlook the importance of maintaining a robust local economic base. By carefully balancing these two aspects, governments can harness the benefits of international commerce while safeguarding the interests of their local workforce and industries.
(Word count: 345)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates several key features that contribute to its high band score:
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Clear structure: The essay follows a logical structure with a clear introduction, body paragraphs discussing both views, and a conclusion that summarizes the main points and presents a balanced opinion.
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Cohesion and coherence: The ideas flow smoothly, with appropriate use of linking words and phrases (e.g., “On the other hand”, “Additionally”, “In conclusion”).
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Lexical resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “contentious issue”, “multiplier effect”, “unrestricted global trade”).
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Grammatical range and accuracy: The writer demonstrates the ability to use complex sentence structures correctly and varies sentence types effectively.
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Task response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and providing a clear personal opinion with supporting arguments.
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Examples and elaboration: The writer provides specific examples to illustrate points, such as the Toyota manufacturing plants in the US and the textile industry in developing countries.
Model Essay 2: Band 6-7
Global trade has become an important topic in many countries. Some people think governments should focus on creating jobs through global trade, while others believe protecting local industries and jobs is more important. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
On one hand, global trade can create many new jobs. When countries trade with each other, companies can sell their products to more people in different countries. This means they might need to make more products and hire more workers. Also, foreign companies might open offices or factories in the country, which creates jobs for local people. For example, many international companies have opened offices in India, creating jobs for Indian workers.
However, some people argue that protecting local industries is more important. They say that if too many foreign products come into the country, local companies might not be able to compete. This could lead to local businesses closing and people losing their jobs. Also, some industries are important for a country’s culture or security, so they need protection. For instance, many countries try to protect their farming industry to ensure they can produce their own food.
In my opinion, both approaches are important and governments should try to balance them. I think countries should participate in global trade because it can bring new opportunities and help the economy grow. But at the same time, governments should support local industries, especially small businesses that might struggle to compete with big international companies. They could do this by providing training, financial support, or helping local companies to export their products.
In conclusion, while global trade can create new jobs, it’s also important to protect some local industries. I believe the best approach is to find a balance between these two strategies to support a strong and diverse economy.
(Word count: 309)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates several features that place it in the Band 6-7 range:
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Task response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and providing a personal opinion. However, the ideas could be developed more fully.
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Coherence and cohesion: The essay has a clear structure with separate paragraphs for each viewpoint and a conclusion. Basic linking words are used (e.g., “On one hand”, “However”, “In conclusion”).
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Lexical resource: The vocabulary used is adequate for the task, with some attempts at less common words (e.g., “participate”, “diverse”). However, there is some repetition and the range is more limited compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
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Grammatical range and accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence structures, generally with good control. There are no major grammatical errors, but the range is not as wide as in the higher band essay.
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Examples: The writer provides some examples to support the arguments, which is good. However, these could be more specific or developed further.
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Depth of discussion: While the main ideas are presented clearly, the essay could benefit from more in-depth analysis and elaboration on the points made.
Key Vocabulary for This Topic
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Global trade (noun) – /ˈɡləʊbəl treɪd/ – The exchange of goods and services between countries.
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Local economy (noun) – /ˈləʊkəl ɪˈkɒnəmi/ – The economic system of a specific area or region.
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Protectionism (noun) – /prəˈtekʃənɪzəm/ – The economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs.
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Multinational corporation (noun) – /mʌltɪˈnæʃənl kɔːpəˈreɪʃn/ – A company that operates in multiple countries.
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Foreign investment (noun) – /ˈfɒrɪn ɪnˈvestmənt/ – The investment of money in a country by companies or individuals from other countries.
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Tariff (noun) – /ˈtærɪf/ – A tax imposed on imported goods and services.
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Subsidies (noun) – /ˈsʌbsɪdiz/ – Money given by a government to help an industry or business keep prices low or maintain income levels.
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Economic diversification (noun) – /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk daɪˌvɜːsɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ – The process of a country or region expanding the range of industries or markets in its economy.
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Competitive advantage (noun) – /kəmˈpetətɪv ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ – A condition that puts a company in a favorable business position.
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Trade agreement (noun) – /treɪd əˈɡriːmənt/ – A contract between two or more countries that outlines the terms of trade between them.
Conclusion
The impact of global trade on local economies is a complex and multifaceted topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2. To excel in essays on this subject, it’s crucial to understand both the potential benefits of global trade for job creation and economic growth, as well as the importance of protecting local industries and cultural identities.
As you prepare for your IELTS exam, consider practicing with similar topics such as:
- The effects of multinational corporations on local businesses
- The role of government in promoting international trade versus supporting domestic industries
- The impact of free trade agreements on developing economies
- Balancing economic growth with environmental protection in the context of global trade
Remember, the key to success in IELTS Writing Task 2 is to present a well-structured argument with clear examples and a balanced perspective. Practice writing essays on these topics, and don’t hesitate to share your practice essays in the comments section below for feedback and discussion with fellow IELTS candidates.