Biodiversity and ecosystem health is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in approximately 15% of environment-related questions. Based on analysis of past exam trends and The importance of biodiversity in ecosystem health, this topic is likely to remain significant in future tests.
Task Analysis and Sample Question
Some people believe that protecting endangered species and their habitats is crucial for maintaining ecosystem health, while others argue that human needs should take priority. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Examine both perspectives on wildlife conservation
- Present a balanced discussion
- Provide relevant examples
- Express a clear personal stance
Band 8-9 Sample Essay
The debate between preserving endangered species and prioritizing human development presents a complex challenge in modern society. While both perspectives have merit, I firmly believe that protecting biodiversity is essential for long-term ecosystem stability and human welfare.
Those who advocate for prioritizing human needs often argue that economic development and population growth necessitate expansion into natural habitats. They contend that job creation, housing development, and agricultural expansion are immediate requirements that cannot be compromised for wildlife protection. For instance, in developing nations like Indonesia, the conversion of rainforests into palm oil plantations has provided employment and economic growth.
However, proponents of wildlife conservation emphasize that impact of wildlife conservation on biodiversity is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. Protecting endangered species and their habitats ensures the continuation of vital ecosystem services such as pollination, natural pest control, and water purification. The extinction of key species can trigger a domino effect, disrupting entire food chains and ecological processes. For example, the reintroduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park has helped restore the natural balance, improving vegetation growth and river health.
In my opinion, the preservation of biodiversity is paramount as it ultimately serves human interests. While short-term economic gains from habitat destruction may seem attractive, the long-term consequences of biodiversity loss could be catastrophic for human survival. Furthermore, role of animal conservation in biodiversity shows that sustainable solutions exist where both human development and wildlife protection can coexist through careful planning and innovative approaches.
Band 6-7 Sample Essay
The question of whether to protect endangered species or focus on human needs is a major issue today. This essay will discuss both sides and give my view.
Some people think human needs should come first. They say we need more land for houses and farms to feed growing populations. In many countries, cities are getting bigger and need more space. Also, poor people need jobs and development projects can give them work. This seems more important than saving animals.
On the other hand, protecting wildlife is very important for nature. When we save endangered animals, we also protect their homes like forests and rivers. These places help clean our air and water. Many scientists say that if too many species die, it will cause big problems for all living things. The importance of wildlife corridors for biodiversity shows how animals need connected spaces to survive.
I think we should try to protect both humans and animals. We can build cities in smart ways that don’t destroy important animal habitats. Some countries have made national parks where people can work in tourism while animals are safe. This shows we don’t have to choose between people and nature.
Key Vocabulary
- Biodiversity (n) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ – biological diversity in an environment
- Ecosystem (n) /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ – community of living organisms and their environment
- Habitat (n) /ˈhæbɪtæt/ – natural home of an animal or plant
- Conservation (n) /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃən/ – protection of natural environment
- Sustainability (n) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – ability to maintain at a certain level
- Coexistence (n) /ˌkəʊɪɡˈzɪstəns/ – existence together at the same time
- Extinction (n) /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ – state of being extinct; dying out
Conclusion
The biodiversity and ecosystem health topic requires a balanced approach demonstrating understanding of complex environmental and social issues. For practice, try writing about similar topics like:
- The role of urban green spaces in maintaining biodiversity
- Government responsibility in wildlife protection
- Economic benefits of biodiversity conservation
Share your practice essays in the comments for feedback and improvement suggestions.