The topic of social responsibility in business has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Based on recent trends and analysis of past exams, it’s highly likely that candidates will encounter this theme in future tests. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS exams:
Some people think that businesses should do anything they can to make a profit, while others believe businesses have a responsibility to society. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question asks candidates to discuss two contrasting views on business ethics and provide their personal opinion. The key aspects to address are:
- The profit-driven approach to business
- The socially responsible approach to business
- Your own perspective on the issue
It’s crucial to cover all parts of the question and provide a balanced discussion before stating your opinion.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
In today’s globalized economy, the role of businesses in society has become a topic of intense debate. While some argue that companies should prioritize profit above all else, others contend that corporations have a broader responsibility to society. In my opinion, while profitability is essential for business sustainability, it should not come at the expense of social and environmental well-being.
Proponents of the profit-first approach argue that businesses exist primarily to generate returns for their shareholders. They contend that by maximizing profits, companies can create jobs, drive innovation, and contribute to economic growth. This perspective aligns with economist Milton Friedman’s view that the sole social responsibility of business is to increase its profits within the bounds of the law. Moreover, they argue that a focus on profitability ensures the long-term viability of the business, enabling it to continue providing goods, services, and employment opportunities.
On the other hand, advocates for corporate social responsibility (CSR) assert that businesses have an obligation to consider their impact on society and the environment. They argue that companies benefit from public infrastructure, educated workforces, and natural resources, and therefore have a duty to give back to society. This view holds that businesses should balance profit-making with ethical practices, environmental stewardship, and community engagement. Proponents of CSR contend that socially responsible businesses can build stronger brand loyalty, attract top talent, and create sustainable long-term value.
In my view, while profitability is undoubtedly crucial for business survival and growth, it should not be pursued at the expense of ethical and social considerations. I believe that businesses can and should strive to achieve a balance between financial success and social responsibility. This approach, often referred to as “conscious capitalism” or “stakeholder capitalism,” recognizes that companies operate within a complex ecosystem of employees, customers, suppliers, communities, and the environment. By considering the needs and interests of all these stakeholders, businesses can create shared value and contribute to a more sustainable and equitable society.
Furthermore, in an era of increased transparency and consumer activism, socially responsible practices can actually enhance a company’s competitiveness and long-term profitability. Consumers are increasingly making purchasing decisions based on a company’s ethical reputation, while investors are placing greater emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. Therefore, by integrating social responsibility into their core business strategies, companies can mitigate risks, identify new market opportunities, and build lasting relationships with customers and communities.
In conclusion, while the pursuit of profit is a fundamental aspect of business, it should not be the sole driving force. Companies that balance financial performance with social and environmental responsibility are better positioned to thrive in the long term and contribute positively to society. As consumers, investors, and citizens, we should support and encourage businesses that demonstrate a commitment to both profitability and social responsibility, recognizing that these goals are not mutually exclusive but can be mutually reinforcing.
(Word count: 465)
Explanation of Band 8-9 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a high-scoring response (Band 8-9) for several reasons:
-
Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both views and clearly stating the writer’s opinion.
-
Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of cohesive devices. Each paragraph has a clear central topic, and ideas are logically developed.
-
Lexical Resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately, including topic-specific terms like “corporate social responsibility,” “conscious capitalism,” and “stakeholder capitalism.”
-
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay demonstrates a wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and appropriately, with only minor errors.
-
Critical Thinking: The essay shows depth of critical thinking, providing nuanced arguments and considering multiple perspectives.
-
Examples and Support: While not providing specific examples, the essay offers well-reasoned arguments and explanations to support its points.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
In the business world today, there is a debate about whether companies should focus only on making money or if they should also think about helping society. Both sides have good points, and I will discuss them before giving my own opinion.
Some people think businesses should do anything to make a profit. They say that the main job of a company is to earn money for its owners and investors. If a business makes a lot of money, it can create more jobs and help the economy grow. Also, when businesses compete to make more money, they often come up with new ideas and better products, which is good for everyone.
On the other hand, many people believe that businesses have a responsibility to society. They think that companies should not just care about money, but also about the environment and the community. For example, businesses could use less energy, recycle more, or donate to local charities. These people say that if companies help society, they will get a better reputation and more loyal customers.
In my opinion, I think businesses should try to do both – make money and help society. It’s important for companies to be profitable so they can stay in business and provide jobs. But I also believe they should think about how their actions affect the world around them. If businesses can find ways to make money while also doing good things for society, everyone benefits.
For example, a company could make environmentally friendly products that people want to buy. This way, they can make a profit and help the environment at the same time. Or a business could start a program to help education in its local community, which could improve its reputation and also create a better-educated workforce for the future.
In conclusion, while making money is important for businesses, I believe they should also try to be responsible and help society. By finding a balance between profit and social responsibility, companies can be successful and make the world a better place at the same time.
(Word count: 339)
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay demonstrates characteristics of a Band 6-7 response for the following reasons:
-
Task Achievement: The essay addresses all parts of the task, discussing both views and providing a personal opinion. However, the ideas could be more fully developed.
-
Coherence and Cohesion: The essay has a clear structure with introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. There is some use of cohesive devices, but it could be more sophisticated.
-
Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is generally appropriate, but lacks the precision and sophistication of higher band scores. There is some attempt to use topic-specific vocabulary.
-
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence structures with generally good control. There are some errors, but they do not impede communication.
-
Critical Thinking: The essay shows some evidence of critical thinking, but the arguments could be more nuanced and deeply explored.
-
Examples and Support: The essay provides some examples and explanations, but they could be more specific and detailed.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
-
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (noun) – /ˌkɔːrpərət ˌsəʊʃl rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ – A business approach that contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environmental benefits for all stakeholders.
-
Stakeholder (noun) – /ˈsteɪkhəʊldə(r)/ – A person with an interest or concern in a business.
-
Sustainability (noun) – /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – The ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time.
-
Ethical practices (noun phrase) – /ˈeθɪkl ˈpræktɪsɪz/ – Actions that adhere to moral principles.
-
Environmental stewardship (noun phrase) – /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈstjuːədʃɪp/ – Responsible use and protection of the natural environment.
-
Brand loyalty (noun phrase) – /brænd ˈlɔɪəlti/ – The tendency of consumers to continuously purchase one brand’s products over another.
-
Conscious capitalism (noun phrase) – /ˈkɒnʃəs ˈkæpɪtəlɪzəm/ – A business approach that considers the interests of all stakeholders, not just shareholders.
-
Transparency (noun) – /trænsˈpærənsi/ – Openness and accountability in business practices.
In conclusion, the topic of social responsibility in business is likely to remain a key issue in IELTS Writing Task 2. Candidates should be prepared to discuss various aspects of this theme, including the balance between profit and social responsibility, the role of businesses in addressing social and environmental issues, and the potential benefits and challenges of implementing CSR strategies.
To practice further, try writing your own essay on the following related topics:
-
Some people believe that companies should be required by law to implement CSR programs. Do you agree or disagree?
-
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of businesses prioritizing environmental sustainability over short-term profits.
Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. Remember, consistent practice is key to improving your IELTS Writing skills!