Waste management in cities has become an increasingly common topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in various forms across recent test papers. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this theme frequently appears in problem-solution or discussion essays, particularly in relation to environmental protection and urban development.
Urban waste management challenges in modern cities showing overflowing landfills
Let’s examine a recent IELTS Task 2 question that exemplifies this topic:
Some people believe that governments should invest more in public waste management systems, while others think individual citizens should take more responsibility for reducing and managing their waste. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Analysis of the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss two contrasting perspectives on waste management responsibility
- Present arguments for both government and individual involvement
- Express and support a personal opinion
- Provide relevant examples and explanations
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate over whether waste management should be primarily governed by public authorities or driven by individual responsibility is increasingly relevant in our urbanizing world. While both approaches have merit, I believe a combined effort is essential for effective waste management.
Government involvement in waste management is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, public authorities have the resources and infrastructure to implement large-scale effectiveness of recycling programs in reducing environmental waste. They can establish comprehensive collection systems, build recycling facilities, and enforce regulations that ensure proper waste disposal. Moreover, governments can invest in role of technology in reducing food waste, such as smart bins and automated sorting systems, which individual citizens cannot implement independently.
However, individual responsibility is equally vital. Citizens’ daily choices significantly impact waste generation and management. When individuals actively participate in recycling programs, practice waste segregation, and make conscious consumption choices, they contribute substantially to reducing the overall waste burden. Furthermore, personal commitment to waste reduction often leads to community-wide behavioral changes, creating a more sustainable urban environment.
In my opinion, the most effective approach combines both governmental and individual efforts. While governments should provide the necessary infrastructure and policy framework, citizens must actively participate in and support these initiatives. This synergy is evident in successful waste management programs in cities like Singapore, where strong government policies work alongside high levels of public participation.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
Waste management is a big problem in cities today. Some people think the government should do more about it, while others say people should take care of their own waste. I will discuss both ideas and give my opinion.
The government has important responsibilities in waste management. They must provide garbage trucks and workers to collect waste. Also, they need to build places to process waste and make rules about throwing garbage. For example, in my city, the government has made rules about separating wet and dry waste, which helps in recycling.
On the other hand, people also need to help manage waste. They should try to make less garbage and follow the rules about throwing it away properly. When people don’t care about waste management, it causes problems like dirty streets and bad smells. Some people in my neighborhood started composting their food waste, which shows how individuals can help.
I think both the government and people need to work together. The government should make good systems, and people should use them correctly. This will help keep our cities clean and healthy.
Sample Essay 3 (Band 7.5)
The responsibility for urban waste management has become a contentious issue, with some advocating for increased government intervention while others emphasize individual accountability. This essay explores both perspectives and presents my viewpoint on this matter.
Government intervention in waste management is fundamental for several reasons. Public authorities possess the necessary resources and authority to implement comprehensive how does urban planning contribute to sustainable cities. They can establish efficient collection systems, construct recycling facilities, and enforce regulations. For instance, cities like Tokyo have demonstrated how strong governmental waste management policies can transform urban cleanliness.
Individual responsibility, however, plays an equally crucial role. Personal choices regarding consumption, waste segregation, and disposal directly impact the effectiveness of waste management systems. When citizens actively participate in recycling programs and practice waste reduction, they significantly contribute to environmental sustainability. The success of zero-waste initiatives in communities often stems from strong individual commitment.
In my view, optimal waste management requires a balanced approach combining governmental support and individual action. While authorities should provide infrastructure and guidelines, citizens must actively participate in these programs. This collaborative approach has proven successful in many developed cities where both parties work in harmony.
Key Vocabulary
- waste segregation (n) /weɪst ˌseg.rɪˈgeɪ.ʃən/ – separation of different types of waste
- infrastructure (n) /ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/ – basic systems and services
- comprehensive (adj) /ˌkɒm.prɪˈhen.sɪv/ – complete, including everything
- contentious (adj) /kənˈten.ʃəs/ – causing disagreement
- synergy (n) /ˈsɪn.ə.dʒi/ – combined effect
- optimal (adj) /ˈɒp.tɪ.məl/ – best or most favorable
- initiatives (n) /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ – new plans or processes
The increasing importance of urban waste management suggests similar topics may appear in future IELTS tests. Practice writing essays on related themes such as:
- The role of technology in waste management
- Reducing plastic waste in cities
- Industrial waste management
- Community recycling programs
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and improvement suggestions.
