As an IELTS instructor with over 20 years of experience, I often encounter students grappling with complex topics in the Speaking exam. One such recurring theme is the question of whether violence is an inherent part of human nature. This essay will delve into this multifaceted issue, providing you with the language and insights to confidently discuss it in your IELTS Speaking test.
Understanding the “Nature vs. Nurture” Debate
The crux of the “is violence innate?” question lies in the age-old debate of nature versus nurture. Are we predisposed to aggression due to our biology, or is it a learned behavior shaped by our environment and experiences? This fundamental philosophical question has no easy answer and forms a rich area for discussion in your IELTS Speaking test.
Nature: The Biological Argument
Proponents of the “nature” side argue that violence is ingrained in our DNA, a remnant of our evolutionary past where survival often depended on aggression. They point to:
- Hormonal influences: Testosterone, for instance, is linked to aggression in both animals and humans.
- Brain structures: Certain areas of the brain, like the amygdala, are associated with fear and aggression responses.
Nurture: The Environmental Impact
Conversely, the “nurture” perspective emphasizes the role of environment and upbringing in shaping behavior. Key arguments include:
- Social learning: We learn through observation and imitation, meaning exposure to violence can perpetuate a cycle of aggression.
- Cultural factors: Different societies have varying levels of tolerance for violence, influencing individual behavior.
Nature vs. Nurture Debate
Addressing the IELTS Speaking Question
When confronted with this topic in your IELTS Speaking test, it’s crucial to present a balanced and well-reasoned argument.
Here’s a possible approach:
Examiner: “Some people believe violence is a natural part of being human. What’s your opinion?”
Candidate: “That’s a complex issue with no easy answers. While I believe we have innate instincts for self-preservation, which might manifest as aggression in certain situations, I think nurture plays a more significant role. Our environment, upbringing, and exposure to violence significantly shape our behaviors.”
Examiner: “Can you elaborate on the environmental factors?”
Candidate: “Certainly. For instance, children exposed to violence at home are more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviors themselves. Similarly, media portrayal of violence can desensitize individuals and normalize aggression.”
Tips for Success
- Read widely: Stay informed about current events and research related to violence and its causes.
- Develop your vocabulary: Familiarize yourself with terms like aggression, innate, nurture, social conditioning, and conflict resolution.
- Practice speaking: Engage in discussions with friends or fellow IELTS candidates to refine your arguments and fluency.
- Structure your response: Use clear topic sentences, provide supporting evidence, and offer logical transitions between ideas.
Conclusion
Remember, there is no right or wrong answer to the question of whether violence is innate. The IELTS Speaking test evaluates your ability to articulate your thoughts, provide evidence, and engage in a nuanced discussion. By understanding the complexities of the nature versus nurture debate and practicing your speaking skills, you can confidently tackle this challenging topic.
