The topic of euthanasia legalization has appeared several times in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams, particularly in countries like Australia, New Zealand, and the UK. Based on analysis of past papers, this topic typically appears 2-3 times annually, often framed as an agree/disagree or discussion essay.
Medical professionals discussing euthanasia ethics in hospital setting
Analysis of Recent Test Question
Some people believe that euthanasia (mercy killing) should be legalized for terminally ill patients. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
This question requires candidates to:
- Take a clear position on euthanasia legalization
- Support arguments with relevant examples
- Consider ethical, medical and social implications
- Maintain a formal academic tone
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate over legalizing euthanasia for terminal patients has sparked intense ethical discussions worldwide. While this issue involves complex moral considerations, I strongly believe that euthanasia should be legalized under strictly controlled conditions.
Firstly, legalizing euthanasia would allow terminally ill patients to die with dignity and avoid unnecessary suffering. When individuals face incurable conditions causing unbearable pain, forcing them to continue living against their wishes could be considered a form of cruelty. For instance, patients with advanced-stage cancer often endure excruciating pain that even powerful medications cannot fully alleviate. Giving them the option to end their life peacefully would be a compassionate approach.
Moreover, regulated euthanasia could prevent desperate measures and reduce psychological trauma for families. Without legal options, some terminal patients may attempt suicide in dangerous ways, potentially causing additional suffering and distress to their loved ones. A properly regulated system would ensure that end-of-life decisions are made rationally, with appropriate counseling and medical oversight.
However, strict safeguards must be implemented to prevent abuse. These should include multiple medical opinions, psychological evaluations, waiting periods, and clear consent procedures. For example, the Netherlands’ euthanasia system requires extensive documentation and review processes to ensure decisions are made voluntarily and rationally.
In conclusion, while acknowledging the sensitivity of this issue, I firmly support legalizing euthanasia with robust regulations. This approach would balance respect for individual autonomy with necessary protections against misuse.
Healthcare professionals reviewing euthanasia consent documents
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
Euthanasia is a controversial topic in many countries. Some people think it should be legal for very sick patients, but others disagree. I think euthanasia should be legal in some cases.
The main reason I support euthanasia is because it can stop suffering. When people are very sick and cannot get better, they feel lots of pain. Doctors sometimes cannot help them feel better. In this situation, it is kind to let them choose to die peacefully.
Also, it costs a lot of money to keep very sick people alive. Many families spend all their savings on medical treatment that cannot cure the patient. This money could be used for other important things if euthanasia was allowed.
However, there must be strict rules. Doctors should check carefully that the patient really wants to die. They should also make sure the illness cannot be cured. Family members should not be allowed to make this decision alone.
In conclusion, I believe euthanasia should be legal but with very careful controls. This would help sick people who are suffering too much.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8.5 Essay Analysis:
- Sophisticated vocabulary and complex structures
- Clear position with well-developed arguments
- Effective use of examples and supporting details
- Coherent paragraphing with strong transitions
- Academic tone maintained throughout
Band 6.5 Essay Analysis:
- Basic vocabulary with some repetition
- Simple sentence structures
- Limited development of ideas
- Basic organization present
- Informal tone at times
Key Vocabulary
- Euthanasia (n) /ˌjuːθəˈneɪziə/ – mercy killing
- Terminal illness (n) /ˈtɜːmɪnl ˈɪlnəs/ – fatal disease
- Autonomy (n) /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ – right to make decisions
- Palliative care (n) /ˈpæliətɪv keə/ – end-of-life care
- Consent (n) /kənˈsent/ – permission
- Safeguards (n) /ˈseɪfɡɑːdz/ – protective measures
- Ethical implications (n) /ˈeθɪkl ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃnz/ – moral consequences
- Incurable (adj) /ɪnˈkjʊərəbl/ – impossible to cure
Similar topics likely to appear in future tests include:
- Assisted suicide regulations
- Right to die legislation
- Medical ethics in terminal care
- Patient autonomy rights
Practice writing your own essay on this topic and share in the comments for feedback!
