Nuclear energy remains a controversial yet frequently tested topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on analysis of past exams from 2018-2023, questions about nuclear power have appeared at least once every 6 months, particularly in countries like Japan, South Korea and European nations. The topic typically appears in Advantages/Disadvantages or Discussion essay types.
Sample Question Analysis
Some people think nuclear power is the best solution to the world’s energy problems while others disagree. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
This is a discussion essay requiring candidates to:
- Explore different perspectives on nuclear energy
- Present balanced arguments for both sides
- State and justify their personal position
Modern nuclear power facility showing cooling towers and reactor building
Band 8 Sample Essay
The debate over nuclear power as an energy solution remains contentious. While some advocate for its adoption due to efficiency and environmental benefits, others express serious concerns about safety and waste disposal. In my view, nuclear energy, despite its risks, offers significant advantages that make it a viable option for meeting global energy demands.
Proponents of nuclear power present several compelling arguments. Firstly, nuclear plants generate massive amounts of electricity while producing minimal carbon emissions, making them environmentally superior to fossil fuel alternatives. Additionally, nuclear facilities require relatively small land areas compared to solar or wind farms, yet can operate continuously regardless of weather conditions. For instance, France generates over 70% of its electricity from nuclear power, demonstrating the technology’s potential for large-scale energy production.
However, critics raise valid concerns about nuclear energy. The devastating consequences of accidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima highlight the catastrophic risks involved. Furthermore, the challenge of safely storing radioactive waste for thousands of years poses significant environmental and security threats. The high construction costs and potential for nuclear materials to be used in weapons also present serious drawbacks.
In my opinion, while the risks associated with nuclear power cannot be ignored, technological advancements and strict safety protocols have made modern reactors significantly safer. The urgent need to combat climate change while meeting growing energy demands makes nuclear power an essential part of our energy mix. Countries can mitigate risks through rigorous safety standards, transparent operations, and continued research into safer reactor designs and waste management solutions.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Nuclear power is a big topic of discussion in the energy sector. Some people think it’s good for solving energy problems, but others don’t agree. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
On the positive side, nuclear power can make a lot of electricity. It doesn’t create air pollution like coal and oil do, which is good for the environment. Also, nuclear power plants work all the time and don’t need much space. Many developed countries use nuclear power successfully.
However, there are some problems with nuclear power. First, it can be very dangerous if something goes wrong. The accidents at nuclear plants have shown this. Also, nuclear waste is very harmful and stays dangerous for many years. It’s also very expensive to build nuclear power plants.
I think nuclear power has both good and bad points. While it’s dangerous, we need clean energy sources to fight climate change. If we use nuclear power carefully with good safety rules, it can help solve our energy problems. But we should also develop other clean energy sources at the same time.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8 Essay Features:
- Complex sentence structures
- Sophisticated vocabulary
- Clear organization with cohesive devices
- Well-developed arguments
- Relevant examples
- Natural academic style
Band 6.5 Essay Features:
- Simple but clear structure
- Basic vocabulary with some repetition
- Limited use of complex sentences
- Basic arguments without detailed support
- Some informal expressions
- Less sophisticated linking words
Key Vocabulary
- contentious (adj) /kənˈtenʃəs/ – causing disagreement or controversy
- catastrophic (adj) /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/ – involving or causing sudden great damage
- viable (adj) /ˈvaɪəbl/ – capable of working successfully
- radioactive waste (n) /ˌreɪdiəʊˌæktɪv ˈweɪst/ – harmful material produced by nuclear reactions
- rigorous (adj) /ˈrɪɡərəs/ – extremely thorough and careful
- mitigate (v) /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ – make less severe or serious
- transparent (adj) /trænsˈpærənt/ – open and honest
- infrastructure (n) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə/ – basic physical structures needed for operation
For practice, try writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments. Future IELTS tests may feature similar questions about emerging nuclear technologies, small modular reactors, or nuclear energy in developing nations.
