Nuclear power and its safety concerns have been recurring themes in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing approximately 2-3 times annually since 2018. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this topic frequently appears in Advantages/Disadvantages or Discussion essays. Let’s examine one common question type that has appeared multiple times:
Some people think nuclear power is the answer to the world’s energy needs while others believe it is too dangerous. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analysis of the Question
- Topic: Nuclear power as an energy source
- Task: Discussion + Opinion
- Key points to address:
- Benefits of nuclear power
- Safety concerns and risks
- Personal stance with justification
Modern nuclear power facility with safety measures
Model Essay 1 (Band 8)
While nuclear power represents a promising solution to global energy demands, its implementation remains controversial due to safety concerns. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of nuclear energy argue that it offers several significant advantages. Firstly, nuclear power plants generate massive amounts of electricity while producing minimal carbon emissions, making them environmentally superior to fossil fuel alternatives. Additionally, nuclear facilities operate with remarkable efficiency, requiring relatively small amounts of fuel to generate substantial power output. Countries like France, which derives about 70% of its electricity from nuclear sources, demonstrate how this technology can successfully meet national energy needs.
However, critics raise valid concerns about nuclear safety. The catastrophic accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima serve as sobering reminders of the potential consequences when nuclear facilities fail. Beyond immediate disasters, the challenge of safely storing radioactive waste for thousands of years poses significant environmental and security risks. These materials must be carefully managed to prevent contamination of surrounding areas or potential exploitation by malicious actors.
In my opinion, nuclear power can be a viable energy solution when properly managed. Modern reactor designs incorporate multiple redundant safety systems and are built to withstand extreme events. Furthermore, advances in waste processing technology have improved our ability to handle radioactive materials safely. However, implementation must be accompanied by rigorous safety protocols, international oversight, and continuous technological improvements.
Secure nuclear waste storage facility with safety protocols
Model Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
Nuclear power is an important topic in today’s world. Some people think it is good for solving energy problems, while others worry it is dangerous. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
On the positive side, nuclear power has some benefits. It can make a lot of electricity without causing air pollution like coal or oil. Also, nuclear power plants don’t need much fuel to work well. Many countries use nuclear power successfully to provide electricity to their people.
However, there are problems with nuclear power. Big accidents have happened before, like in Japan and Ukraine, which caused many problems for people and the environment. Also, nuclear waste is very dangerous and must be stored safely for many years. This is difficult and expensive to do.
I think nuclear power can be good if we are careful. New nuclear plants are safer than old ones because they have better technology. But we must be very careful about safety rules and waste storage. Also, governments should check nuclear plants regularly to make sure they are safe.
Scoring Analysis
Band 8 Essay:
- Task Response: Fully addresses all parts with clear position
- Coherence/Cohesion: Logical organization with clear progression
- Lexical Resource: Sophisticated vocabulary with precise usage
- Grammar: Complex structures used accurately
Band 6.5 Essay:
- Task Response: Addresses main points but less developed
- Coherence/Cohesion: Basic organization with some progression
- Lexical Resource: Adequate but simpler vocabulary
- Grammar: Mix of simple and complex structures
Key Vocabulary
- catastrophic (adj) /kætəˈstrɒfɪk/ – causing sudden great damage
- redundant (adj) /rɪˈdʌndənt/ – serving as backup
- viable (adj) /ˈvaɪəbl/ – capable of working successfully
- malicious (adj) /məˈlɪʃəs/ – intending to cause harm
- contamination (n) /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃn/ – the action of making something impure
- oversight (n) /ˈəʊvəsaɪt/ – supervision and monitoring
- exploitation (n) /ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ – the action of using something unfairly
For practice, try writing your own essay about nuclear power’s role in addressing climate change, or discuss the economic aspects of nuclear power compared to renewable energy sources. Share your essays in the comments for feedback and discussion.
