Sustainable agriculture and food production has become an increasingly important topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in various forms over the past decade. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this theme frequently emerges in questions about environmental protection, food security, and economic development.
Analysis of Common Question Types
Recent IELTS exams have featured questions about organic farming and sustainable agriculture in different formats. Here’s one of the most representative questions:
Some people believe that organic farming is the solution to world hunger and environmental problems. Others think that conventional farming methods are necessary to feed the growing global population. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Understanding the Question
- Question type: Discussion + Opinion
- Key aspects: Organic farming, conventional farming, world hunger, environmental issues
- Task: Evaluate both perspectives and present personal view
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate between organic and conventional farming methods has intensified as the world grapples with food security and environmental challenges. While both approaches have their merits, I believe a balanced combination of both methods is necessary for sustainable food production.
Proponents of organic farming argue that it offers numerous environmental benefits. By avoiding synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, organic farming importance of organic produce for health helps preserve soil quality and biodiversity. Furthermore, organic practices often result in reduced carbon emissions and water pollution, contributing to environmental sustainability. For instance, studies in India have shown that organic rice farming uses 30% less water than conventional methods while maintaining soil fertility.
However, advocates of conventional farming make valid points about productivity and scalability. Modern farming techniques, including the use of efficient machinery and scientifically developed fertilizers, can produce significantly higher yields per hectare. This is crucial when considering that impact of international trade on agriculture requires massive production volumes to meet global demand. For example, conventional wheat farming in Australia produces approximately 40% more yield per acre compared to organic methods.
In my view, the solution lies in integrating the best aspects of both approaches. While organic farming principles should be adopted where feasible, especially in small-scale agriculture, conventional methods remain necessary for large-scale food production. Governments could should governments subsidize organic farming while maintaining support for responsible conventional farming practices.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
People have different opinions about farming methods. Some think organic farming can solve food problems and help the environment, while others believe traditional farming is better for feeding everyone. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
Organic farming has some good points. It is better for the environment because farmers don’t use chemicals. The food is also healthier because it doesn’t have pesticides. For example, organic vegetables from local farms are fresher and safer to eat.
However, conventional farming also has advantages. It can produce more food using machines and modern technology. This is important because there are many people in the world who need food. Also, conventional farming makes food cheaper, which helps poor people buy enough food.
I think both types of farming are important. We should use organic farming when possible, but we also need conventional farming to produce enough food for everyone. The government should help both organic and conventional farmers to make sure we have enough food that is also good for health.
Key Vocabulary
- sustainable (adj) /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ – capable of being maintained at a steady level
- biodiversity (n) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ – variety of plant and animal life
- scalability (n) /ˌskeɪləˈbɪləti/ – ability to be changed in size or scale
- pesticides (n) /ˈpestɪsaɪdz/ – substances used to destroy insects or organisms harmful to plants
- yield (n) /jiːld/ – amount of crops produced
Conclusion
This topic continues to be relevant in IELTS examinations. Practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- The role of technology in sustainable agriculture
- Local food movements versus global food supply chains
- Government policies supporting organic farming
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and improvement suggestions.