The topic of government’s role in preserving cultural heritage is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on analysis of past exams and current trends, this subject is likely to appear frequently in future tests. It’s particularly relevant for candidates from countries with rich cultural backgrounds like India, China, and Vietnam. Let’s examine a sample question that closely resembles those seen in actual IELTS exams:
Some people believe that governments should invest in preserving buildings and structures of historical importance. Others argue that this money would be better spent on improving new public buildings. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question asks you to discuss two contrasting viewpoints:
- Governments should invest in preserving historical buildings
- Funds should be allocated to improving new public buildings
You need to explore both perspectives and then provide your own opinion. This type of question tests your ability to present balanced arguments and express your personal stance.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
There is ongoing debate about whether government funds should be directed towards preserving historical structures or improving new public buildings. While both approaches have merit, I believe a balanced strategy that prioritizes cultural preservation while also investing in modern infrastructure is the most beneficial.
Those who advocate for preserving historical buildings argue that these structures are irreplaceable assets that embody a nation’s cultural identity and heritage. Once lost, these architectural treasures cannot be recreated with the same authenticity and historical value. Furthermore, well-maintained historical sites can attract tourists, boosting the local economy and fostering a sense of national pride. The preservation of such buildings also provides valuable insights into past construction techniques and design philosophies, which can inform and inspire contemporary architects and urban planners.
On the other hand, proponents of investing in new public buildings contend that modern facilities are essential for meeting the evolving needs of society. New buildings can be designed with cutting-edge technology, energy efficiency, and accessibility features that older structures may lack. Investing in state-of-the-art schools, hospitals, and community centers can significantly enhance the quality of life for citizens and support economic growth. Moreover, constructing new buildings creates job opportunities in the construction and related industries.
In my opinion, governments should strive for a balanced approach that respects the past while embracing the future. Preserving historical buildings is crucial for maintaining cultural continuity and identity, which are fundamental to a society’s well-being. However, this should not come at the expense of developing modern infrastructure that can better serve the population’s current needs. A thoughtful allocation of resources to both areas can create a harmonious urban landscape that honors heritage while fostering progress.
How global tourism affects cultural preservation is an important consideration in this debate. Well-preserved historical sites can attract international visitors, generating revenue that can be reinvested in both preservation efforts and new public projects. This symbiotic relationship between preserving the old and building the new can lead to sustainable urban development.
In conclusion, while the preservation of historical buildings and the construction of new public facilities may seem at odds, they are both essential components of a thriving society. By carefully balancing investments in these areas, governments can ensure that their nations maintain a strong connection to their cultural roots while advancing towards a prosperous future.
(Word count: 379)
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
There is a debate about whether governments should spend money on keeping old buildings or making new public buildings better. Both ideas have good points, and I will discuss them before giving my opinion.
Some people think governments should protect old buildings because they are important for history and culture. Old buildings show us how people lived in the past and help us remember our traditions. They can also bring tourists to visit, which is good for the economy. For example, many people travel to see ancient temples or castles, and this brings money to those areas.
However, others believe it’s better to improve new public buildings. New buildings can be made with modern technology and can be more useful for people today. For instance, new schools can have better computers and science labs, which can help students learn better. New hospitals can have the latest medical equipment to treat patients more effectively. Also, building new places can create jobs for construction workers.
In my opinion, I think governments should try to do both things. It’s important to keep some old buildings to remember our history, but we also need good new buildings for modern life. Maybe governments can use some money to fix important old buildings and use the rest to make new buildings that people need.
One way to do this could be to use tourism to support cultural preservation. When tourists visit old buildings, the money they spend could help pay for keeping those buildings in good condition. At the same time, some of that money could be used for new public buildings.
In conclusion, both old and new buildings are important for a country. Governments should find a way to protect history while also making sure people have the modern buildings they need for everyday life.
(Word count: 309)
Explaining the Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay:
This essay demonstrates excellent writing skills and fully addresses all parts of the task. It presents a well-developed response with clear progression throughout. The main points are:
- Task Achievement: The essay discusses both viewpoints thoroughly and presents a clear personal opinion.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with a clear central topic in each paragraph. Cohesive devices are used effectively.
- Lexical Resource: It uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: It uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy.
Band 6-7 Essay:
This essay addresses the task adequately but with less sophistication compared to the Band 8-9 essay. The main points are:
- Task Achievement: It covers both views and offers a personal opinion, though with less depth.
- Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally coherent with some organization, but linking could be improved.
- Lexical Resource: It uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task, with some attempts at less common words.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: It uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms with generally good control.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Cultural heritage (noun) /ˈkʌltʃərəl ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ – traditions and monuments passed down from previous generations
- Preserve (verb) /prɪˈzɜːv/ – maintain something in its original state
- Irreplaceable (adjective) /ˌɪrɪˈpleɪsəbl/ – impossible to replace or recreate
- Authenticity (noun) /ˌɔːθenˈtɪsəti/ – the quality of being genuine or original
- Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – basic physical systems of a country or region
- Cutting-edge (adjective) /ˌkʌtɪŋ ˈedʒ/ – very modern and advanced
- Accessibility (noun) /əkˌsesəˈbɪləti/ – the quality of being easily reached or entered
- Symbiotic (adjective) /ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk/ – involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association
- Urban development (noun) /ˈɜːbən dɪˈveləpmənt/ – the growth and renewal of urban areas
- Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to be maintained at a certain rate or level
Conclusion
The role of governments in protecting cultural heritage while balancing modern development needs is a complex and relevant topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. By studying these sample essays and understanding the scoring criteria, you can improve your ability to craft well-structured, coherent responses that demonstrate a good command of English.
For further practice, consider writing an essay on this related topic:
Some people think that governments should spend money protecting the environment and cultural heritage instead of investing in economic development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
This question explores the balance between preservation and economic progress, allowing you to apply the vocabulary and concepts discussed in this article. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. Remember, regular practice is key to improving your IELTS Writing skills!
The effects of cultural globalization on language diversity is another interesting aspect to consider when thinking about cultural preservation. As you prepare for your IELTS exam, exploring these interconnected topics will help you develop a well-rounded understanding of global issues related to culture and heritage.