Public transportation and environmental protection consistently appear as key themes in IELTS Writing Task 2. Analysis of past exam questions shows this topic has appeared in various forms over the last 5 years, particularly in questions about urban development and environmental solutions. Let’s examine a recent exam question and explore sample responses across different band scores.
the importance of public transportation in reducing air pollution has become increasingly relevant as cities worldwide grapple with environmental challenges.
Task Analysis
Some people believe that governments should invest more money in public transportation to reduce air pollution. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
This question requires candidates to:
- Express their position on government investment in public transport
- Explain how public transport relates to pollution reduction
- Support arguments with relevant examples
- Present a coherent, well-structured response
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
The question of whether governments should allocate more funding to public transportation systems as a means of combating air pollution is highly relevant in today’s urbanized world. I strongly agree with this proposition, as increased investment in public transport infrastructure offers multiple environmental benefits while addressing growing urban mobility needs.
Firstly, expanding and improving public transportation networks can significantly reduce individual vehicle usage, which is a major source of air pollution. When cities invest in efficient, reliable public transport systems, more people naturally choose these services over private cars. For instance, how public transportation can reduce traffic congestion is evidenced in cities like Singapore, where comprehensive public transport coverage has led to measurable improvements in air quality.
Moreover, government investment in modern public transportation technology can accelerate the transition to cleaner energy sources. Electric buses, hydrogen-powered trains, and other environmentally friendly vehicles require substantial initial investment but deliver long-term environmental benefits. Seoul’s recent conversion of its entire bus fleet to electric vehicles demonstrates how targeted government spending can create tangible environmental improvements.
However, the success of such initiatives depends on consistent, long-term financial commitment. role of public transportation in reducing traffic congestion requires sustained investment in infrastructure maintenance, service improvement, and public awareness campaigns.
In conclusion, government investment in public transportation represents a crucial strategy for reducing air pollution. The evidence from successful implementations worldwide clearly demonstrates that such investments yield significant environmental benefits when properly planned and executed.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
I agree that governments should spend more money on public transport to help reduce air pollution. This approach has several benefits for both the environment and society.
The main reason why public transport helps reduce pollution is that it carries many people at once. When people use buses and trains instead of private cars, there are fewer vehicles on the road producing exhaust fumes. impact of noise pollution on public health is also reduced when fewer private vehicles are used.
Furthermore, modern public transport vehicles are becoming more environmentally friendly. Many cities now use electric buses and trains that don’t produce any direct pollution. Although these vehicles are expensive to buy, they help protect the environment in the long term.
However, governments need to make sure public transport is convenient and affordable. If tickets are too expensive or services are unreliable, people will continue using their cars. importance of public transport in reducing traffic congestion depends on making it accessible to everyone.
In conclusion, I believe increased government spending on public transport is necessary to fight air pollution. This investment will benefit both the environment and public health.
Key Vocabulary
- Infrastructure (n) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃər/ – basic physical systems of a country
- Implementation (n) /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən/ – the process of putting a plan into action
- Transition (n) /trænˈzɪʃən/ – the process of changing from one state to another
- Comprehensive (adj) /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ – complete; including all aspects
- Sustainable (adj) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to continue over time without damaging the environment
- Initiative (n) /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ – a new plan or process to achieve something
- Allocation (n) /ˌæləˈkeɪʃən/ – the act of distributing something for a particular purpose
- Mobility (n) /məʊˈbɪləti/ – the ability to move freely and easily
Writing Practice Suggestion
Try writing your own essay on this related topic:
“Some people say that improving public transportation is the best way to solve traffic problems in cities. Do you agree or disagree?”
Share your practice essay in the comments for feedback and discussion with other learners.