Carbon taxation has become a hot topic in recent IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. This issue frequently appears in questions related to environmental protection and economic policies. Based on trends from past exams and current global concerns, we expect to see more questions on this subject in future tests. Let’s explore a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS exams:
Some people believe that imposing taxes on carbon emissions will help reduce environmental pollution. Others think there are better alternative approaches to tackle this problem. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss the view that carbon taxes can help reduce pollution
- Explore alternative approaches to addressing environmental pollution
- Provide their personal opinion on the most effective method
It’s crucial to address all parts of the question to achieve a high band score. Let’s look at sample essays for different band scores, followed by a detailed analysis of each.
Carbon Tax Debate
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Carbon taxation has emerged as a contentious issue in the fight against environmental pollution. While some advocate for its implementation as an effective deterrent, others argue that alternative methods could yield better results. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of carbon taxes argue that this fiscal measure can significantly reduce emissions by making polluting activities more expensive. By attaching a cost to carbon emissions, governments can incentivize businesses and individuals to adopt cleaner technologies and practices. For instance, a carbon tax might encourage power companies to shift from coal to renewable energy sources, or motivate consumers to choose electric vehicles over petrol-powered ones. Moreover, the revenue generated from these taxes can be reinvested in green initiatives, creating a positive feedback loop for environmental protection.
On the other hand, critics of carbon taxation propose alternative approaches to combat pollution. One such method is the implementation of stricter regulations and standards for industries. This could involve setting emission limits or mandating the use of specific clean technologies. Another approach is to invest heavily in research and development of green technologies, making them more accessible and affordable. Additionally, some argue for increased public education and awareness campaigns to foster a culture of environmental responsibility.
In my opinion, while alternative approaches have merit, a well-designed carbon tax system offers the most comprehensive and effective solution to environmental pollution. It combines economic incentives with the flexibility for businesses and individuals to choose their own methods of reducing emissions. However, I believe the most successful strategy would involve a combination of carbon taxation with complementary policies such as targeted regulations and investment in green technology research.
In conclusion, although there are valid arguments for alternative approaches, I contend that carbon taxation, when implemented as part of a broader environmental strategy, presents the most promising path towards significant reduction in pollution levels.
(Word count: 309)
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
Many people think that putting taxes on carbon emissions is a good way to reduce pollution. However, others believe there are better ways to solve this problem. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who support carbon taxes say it can help reduce pollution by making it expensive for companies to release carbon. When companies have to pay more for polluting, they might try to find cleaner ways to work. For example, factories might use cleaner energy or cars might switch to electric power. Also, the money from these taxes can be used to help the environment in other ways.
On the other hand, some people think there are better ways to deal with pollution. One idea is to make stricter rules for companies about how much they can pollute. Another way is to spend more money on developing clean technologies. Some also think that teaching people about the environment is important so they can make better choices.
In my opinion, I think carbon taxes can be a good idea, but they should not be the only solution. It’s important to use a mix of different methods to reduce pollution. While taxes can encourage companies to pollute less, we also need rules to make sure they follow good practices. Additionally, investing in new technologies and educating people are also crucial steps.
To conclude, while carbon taxes can be helpful, I believe that a combination of different approaches, including taxes, regulations, and education, is the best way to tackle environmental pollution.
(Word count: 258)
Sample Essay 3 (Band 5-6)
Some people think putting taxes on carbon is good to reduce pollution. Others think there are better ways. I will talk about both ideas and give my opinion.
People who like carbon taxes say it makes pollution expensive. When it costs more to pollute, companies might try to be cleaner. For example, they might use less coal and more solar power. The money from taxes can also help the environment.
But some people don’t agree. They think other ways are better. One way is to make strict rules about pollution. Another way is to spend money on new clean technologies. Some people also think teaching about the environment is important.
I think carbon taxes can be good, but we need other things too. Taxes can help, but we also need rules for companies. We should also teach people about the environment. Using many different ways together is the best idea.
In conclusion, I think we should use carbon taxes and other methods together to reduce pollution. This way, we can help the environment in many ways.
(Word count: 161)
Analysis of Sample Essays
Band 8-9 Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates excellent command of the English language and addresses all parts of the question comprehensively.
Task Achievement (9): The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a well-developed response with relevant, extended, and supported ideas.
Coherence and Cohesion (9): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout. Cohesive devices are used effectively, and paragraphing is well-managed.
Lexical Resource (8): A wide range of vocabulary is used with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features. Minor errors in word choice do not impede communication.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy (8): A wide range of structures is used with flexibility and accuracy. Minor errors occur only as ‘slips’.
Band 6-7 Essay Analysis
This essay shows a satisfactory attempt at addressing the task, with some good points but less sophistication than the Band 8-9 essay.
Task Achievement (7): All parts of the task are addressed, though some parts are more fully covered than others. The main ideas are relevant, but some may be inadequately developed or unclear.
Coherence and Cohesion (6): Information and ideas are generally arranged coherently, and there is a clear overall progression. Cohesive devices are used but may be overused or underused.
Lexical Resource (6): An adequate range of vocabulary is used for the task. There may be some errors in word choice, but these do not impede communication.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy (6): A mix of simple and complex sentence forms is used. There are some errors, but these do not impede communication.
Band 5-6 Essay Analysis
This essay shows a limited attempt at addressing the task, with basic ideas and simple language.
Task Achievement (5): The response addresses the task only partially. The format may be inappropriate in places, and key features may be inadequately covered.
Coherence and Cohesion (5): There is some organization of ideas, but cohesion is often faulty or mechanical. There may be a lack of overall progression.
Lexical Resource (5): A limited range of vocabulary is used, with some attempts at more sophisticated words. There may be noticeable errors in spelling and word formation.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy (5): A limited range of structures is used. Complex sentences are attempted but may have accuracy issues. Errors are frequent but do not greatly impede communication.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Carbon tax (noun) – /ˈkɑːrbən tæks/ – A fee imposed on the burning of carbon-based fuels
- Emissions (noun) – /ɪˈmɪʃənz/ – The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation
- Incentivize (verb) – /ɪnˈsentɪvaɪz/ – To motivate or encourage someone to do something
- Renewable energy (noun) – /rɪˈnjuːəbəl ˈenədʒi/ – Energy from a source that is not depleted when used
- Deterrent (noun) – /dɪˈterənt/ – Something that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something
- Implementation (noun) – /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən/ – The process of putting a decision or plan into effect
- Fiscal measure (noun) – /ˈfɪskəl ˈmeʒər/ – A financial policy implemented by the government
- Reinvest (verb) – /ˌriːɪnˈvest/ – To invest money again, especially profits from a previous investment
- Mandate (verb) – /mænˈdeɪt/ – To authorize or decree a particular action
- Comprehensive (adjective) – /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv/ – Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something
Conclusion
The topic of carbon taxation is likely to remain relevant in future IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare, practice writing essays on related themes such as:
- The effectiveness of different environmental policies
- Balancing economic growth with environmental protection
- The role of government vs. individual responsibility in addressing climate change
Remember to structure your essay clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and fully address all parts of the question. Feel free to practice writing an essay on the given topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active practice is an excellent way to improve your IELTS Writing skills.