Military spending is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2, often appearing in various forms. Based on past exam trends, questions related to this topic are likely to continue featuring in future tests. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS exams:

Some people think that governments should spend as much money as possible on developing or buying computer technology. Other people disagree and think that this money should be spent on more basic needs. Which one of these opinions do you agree with? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

This question, while not directly mentioning military spending, touches on the broader theme of government resource allocation, which often includes defense budgets. Let’s analyze this question and provide sample essays for different band scores.

Question Analysis

The question presents two contrasting viewpoints:

1. Governments should prioritize spending on computer technology.
2. Governments should focus on basic needs.

Key points to consider:

• You must choose one side of the argument.
• Provide reasons and examples to support your stance.
• Consider the implications of each approach.
• Relate the topic to real-world scenarios and experiences.

Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)

In the modern era, the allocation of government funds has become a subject of intense debate, particularly regarding the balance between technological advancement and addressing basic societal needs. While both aspects are crucial for a nation’s development, I firmly believe that governments should prioritize spending on fundamental necessities over extensive investments in computer technology.

Firstly, ensuring that a population’s basic needs are met is the cornerstone of a stable and prosperous society. Access to clean water, adequate nutrition, healthcare, and education forms the foundation upon which all other progress is built. For instance, in developing countries like India or parts of Africa, where millions still lack access to these essentials, investing in basic infrastructure and services would yield far more significant societal benefits than cutting-edge technology. This approach not only improves the quality of life for citizens but also creates a healthier, more productive workforce, which is essential for long-term economic growth.

Secondly, while technological advancement is undoubtedly important, it should not come at the expense of neglecting fundamental human requirements. Advanced computer systems are of little use to a population struggling with malnutrition or lacking basic education. Moreover, the rapid pace of technological change often renders expensive investments obsolete within a few years. In contrast, investments in basic needs have long-lasting, generational impacts. For example, improving primary education systems can create a ripple effect, enhancing a country’s human capital for decades to come.

However, it’s important to note that this stance doesn’t advocate for completely neglecting technological development. Rather, it suggests a balanced approach where basic needs are prioritized, and technology is adopted in a measured, needs-based manner. Governments can still invest in essential technological infrastructure and education, but this should be done after ensuring that fundamental societal needs are adequately addressed.

In conclusion, while the allure of cutting-edge technology is strong, governments have a responsibility to first and foremost ensure the well-being of their citizens. By focusing on basic needs, nations can build a strong foundation for sustainable growth and development, upon which technological advancements can then be more effectively implemented and utilized.

Essay Analysis (Band 8-9)

This essay demonstrates several key qualities that contribute to its high band score:

1. Clear position: The writer clearly states their opinion in favor of prioritizing basic needs over technology.

2. Well-developed arguments: Each paragraph presents a distinct point, thoroughly explained with logical reasoning.

3. Relevant examples: The essay includes specific examples (e.g., developing countries, education systems) to support the arguments.

4. Cohesion and coherence: Ideas flow smoothly from one paragraph to the next, with clear topic sentences and linking phrases.

5. Lexical resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately (e.g., “cornerstone”, “ripple effect”, “human capital”).

6. Grammatical range and accuracy: Complex sentence structures are used correctly throughout the essay.

7. Task response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the question, providing a nuanced view that acknowledges the importance of technology while arguing for a focus on basic needs.

Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)

In today’s world, governments have to make important decisions about how to spend money. Some people think that spending a lot on computer technology is the best choice, but others believe that basic needs should come first. In my opinion, I agree more with the second idea that governments should focus on basic needs.

The main reason for my opinion is that basic needs are very important for everyone’s life. Things like food, clean water, healthcare, and education are necessary for people to live well and have a good future. If a government doesn’t provide these things, many people will suffer. For example, in some poor countries, children can’t go to school because they don’t have enough food or their families need them to work. This creates a big problem for the country’s future.

Another point is that when basic needs are met, it helps the whole country to grow and develop. When people are healthy and educated, they can work better and create new ideas. This can lead to more progress in technology and other areas. For instance, if a country has good schools, it can produce skilled workers who can later work in technology fields.

However, I also think that computer technology is important. Governments shouldn’t ignore it completely. They should try to find a balance between spending on basic needs and on technology. Maybe they can use technology to help solve basic problems, like using computers to improve education or healthcare systems.

In conclusion, while computer technology is important, I believe that governments should first make sure that all citizens have their basic needs met. This approach will create a stronger foundation for the country’s development and future success.

Balanced approach to government spending

Essay Analysis (Band 6-7)

This essay demonstrates several characteristics that place it in the Band 6-7 range:

1. Clear position: The writer clearly states their opinion in favor of focusing on basic needs.

2. Adequate development of ideas: The essay presents main points with some explanation and examples, though not as in-depth as the Band 8-9 essay.

3. Relevant examples: The essay includes some examples, though they are more general compared to the higher band essay.

4. Coherence: The essay has a clear structure with introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Ideas are generally well-linked.

5. Vocabulary: The essay uses a sufficient range of vocabulary, though not as sophisticated as the Band 8-9 essay.

6. Grammar: Sentence structures are generally accurate, with some variety, though not as complex as in the higher band essay.

7. Task response: The essay addresses the main parts of the question, though the discussion could be more nuanced.

Key Vocabulary

1. Allocation (noun) – /ˌæləˈkeɪʃən/ – the act of distributing something for a particular purpose
2. Prioritize (verb) – /praɪˈɒrətaɪz/ – to decide which of a group of things are the most important so that you can deal with them first
3. Infrastructure (noun) – /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – the basic systems and services that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively
4. Obsolete (adjective) – /ˈɒbsəliːt/ – no longer used because something new has been invented
5. Ripple effect (noun) – /ˈrɪpl ɪˌfekt/ – a situation in which one event produces effects which spread and produce further effects
6. Sustainable (adjective) – /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to continue over a period of time
7. Cornerstone (noun) – /ˈkɔːnəstəʊn/ – a very important part of something that everything else depends on

These vocabulary items are crucial for discussing government policies and resource allocation in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays.

In conclusion, the topic of government spending priorities, including military expenditure, remains a significant theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. As you prepare for your exam, consider practicing with similar topics such as should governments invest in space exploration. This will help you develop a broader perspective on government resource allocation issues. Remember to structure your essays clearly, provide relevant examples, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and further improvement.